乳中miRNA稳定性与功能研究进展及其作为质量控制指标的分析

microRNAs(miRNAs)是一种长度大约为22个核苷酸的非编码RNA,存在于血浆、血清、唾液、乳汁等体液中,通过调控基因表达参与各种生物过程。乳中miRNA作为新发现的生物活性成分,具有免疫等功能,在反复冻融、酶、低pH等处理条件下也能保持稳定。该文简述了miRNA的合成及功能,详细论述了乳中miRNA的分离提取与稳定性以及母乳和动物乳中miRNA的免疫功能研究进展,分析了乳中miRNA作为潜在的标记物检测乳品质量的可行性,从而为今后以乳中miRNA作为一个新型指标分析检测乳质品质量提供参考,为乳中miRNA的研究提供新的方向。

Advances in research on stability and function of miRNA in milk and its analysis as the marker for milk quality control

miRNAs are the non-coding ribonucleic acid with around 22 nucleotides in length that are present in body fluids such as plasma,serum,saliva and milk.They participate in various biological processes by regulating gene expression.Emerging as the new bioactive component in milk,miRNAs have immune functions and show good stability under varying conditions,including freezing-thawing activity,enzymes digestion and low pH.The synthesis and function of miRNAs were briefly described in this study.The research progress of separation and extraction,stability,immune functions in human and animal milk were discussed in detail.The feasibility of using milk miRNAs as the potential marker to detect dairy quality was analyzed,which provides a reference for the future analysis of the quality of dairy products by using miRNAs as the new indicator and guides a new direction for the study of milk miRNAs.