赤霞珠干红葡萄酒在不同子产区香气特征的差异

以宁夏贺兰山东麓5个不同子产区石嘴山市、银川市贺兰县、西夏区、永宁县和吴忠市红寺堡区的17款赤霞珠干红葡萄酒为研究对象,采用顶空固相微萃取与气相色谱-质谱联用法(headpace solid-phase microextraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry,HS-SPME-GC-MS),分析酒样的香气物质以及气味活性值(odor activity value,OAV),确定具有感官贡献的香气物质,结合主成分分析研究5个子产区之间的相关性。结果表明,酒样香气物质在组成上具有一致性,主要是醇类和酯类物质。此外,大马士酮香气贡献最为突出,使得宁夏贺兰山东麓赤霞珠干红葡萄酒香气主要具有花香和果香特征。主成分分析结果表明,利用植物香指数和脂香指数可区分不同子产区的香气特征,辛酸甲酯、乙酸苯乙酯、月桂酸乙酯;2,4-二叔丁基苯酚;苯乙醇;大马士酮和癸酸乙酯;乙酸异戊酯分别对石嘴山市、银川市贺兰县、西夏区、永宁县和吴忠市红寺堡区葡萄酒香气有重要贡献。聚类结果表明,石嘴山市和银川市西夏区葡萄酒香气更为接近。

Comparative study of aroma characteristics of Cabernet Sauvignon dry red wine in different sub-regions

Seventeen different Cabernet Sauvignon dry red wines from 5 sub-regions of Helan Mountain eastern piedmont,including Shizuishan city,Yinchuan Helan county,Xixia district,Yongning county and Hongsipu district of Wuzhong city,were identified as the research object of this study.Then,the aroma compounds and the odor activity value(OAV)of each substance were analyzed using the headspace solid-phase microextraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(HS-SPME-GC-MS)method to identify the compounds with sensory contributions and to study the relevance among the 5 sub-regions through conducting principal component analysis.The results showed that the aroma components of the wine samples were the same in composition,mainly alcohols and esters.In addition,damasone had the highest OAV value and the most prominent aroma contribution,which made the aroma of Cabernet Sauvignon red wines mainly characterized by floral and fruity in Helan Mountain eastern piedmont.Additionally,principal component analysis showed that the plant fragrance index and the fat fragrance index could be used to distinguish the aroma characteristics of wine.Methyl octanoate,phenylethyl acetate,ethyl laurate;2,4-di-tert-butylphenol;phenylethyl alcohol;damasthene and ethyl decanoate;isoamyl acetate made great sensory contribution to wines from the Shizuishan city,Yinchuan Helan county,Xixia district,Yongning county and Hongsipu district of Wuzhong city,respectively.Cluster analysis showed that the aroma of wines from Shizuishan city and Xixia district were closer.