中国文人建筑传统现代复兴与发展之路上的王澍

将2012年普利兹克奖得主王澍的建筑设计置于中国文人建筑传统现代复兴与发展的语境考察,这一复兴与发展的轨迹以童寯、刘敦桢、郭黛姮、张锦秋、汉宝德、冯纪忠、贝聿铭以及王澍为代表,而王是将它发扬光大并在建筑学的多个方面贡献于世界现代建筑的最突出的一位代表。这一方面因为其探索规模更大、类型更广;另一方面是因为他对于中国文人建筑空间与时间传统的发掘。相对于现代主义建筑的普适性空间和现在时态时间,王澍注意表现中国传统的空间意象,他的建筑空间设计体现出对文人园林与绘画的理解;而将旧有建筑材料的再利用则创造出一种现在完成时态的时间体验,这也是中国文人艺术的一个特点。

Wang Shu and the Revival and Development of Chinese Literati Architectural Tradition

This essay studies the architecture of Wang Shu,the 2012 Laureate of the Pritzker Architecture Prize,in the context of the revival and development of Chinese literati architectural tradition in the twentieth and the twenty first centuries.The trajectory of this history,as the author points out,is delineated by the work of eight architects and architectural historians.They are the tradition’s discoverer Tong Jun,the interpreters Liu Dunzhen,Guo Daiheng,Zhang Jinqiu,and Han Pao-teh,the developers Feng Jizhong and I.M.Pei,and Wang himself.While each endeavored to revive this tradition as a contribution to the world discourse of modern architecture,Wang is the most prominent among them.Not only is his experiment larger in scale and more varied in type than the others,it also reflects his unique exploration of the space and time tradition in Chinese literati architecture,which is different from the universal and present-tense concept of space-time in Modernist architecture.The author argues that the space Wang created reflects his understanding of Chinese literati gardens and landscape paintings,and the time that people experience in his architecture is "present perfect," a literati art quality demonstrated in Wang’s architecture by the mixture and overlapping of building materials from di erent historical periods.