总量计量与流量测量的理论探讨

对流量测量领域中总量计量与流量测量两个容易混淆的概念进行了研究，从物理学基础理论的角度进行了比较分析。指出了瞬时流量对时间的积分是总量，总量对时间的导数又是瞬时流量；总量是标志某一段时间内流进或流出系统的物料量或能量，而流量则反映某个时刻进出系统的能量或物料是否平衡。两者之间既有区别又是有联系的。报告了目前流量测量领域中概念混淆应用的现状，提出选择和使用流量仪表时应同时注重计量特性与经济性，以确保总量计量和瞬时流量仪表选型的正确。

Discussion on Total Quantity Measurement and Flow Measurement Theory

In the convection gauging quantity domain, two concepts of total quantity measurement and the flow rate measurement which are easy to confuse are researched here, they have been carried on the comparative analysis by the physics basic theory. It is pointed out the instantaneous current capacity to the time integral is the total quantity, by the contrary, the total quantity to the time derivative is the instantaneous current capacity ; the total quantity symbolizes the things or the energy flows in or out the system in some period of time, but the current capacity reflects that the turnover energy or material passed in and out of the system some time is balanceable or not. The two has beth difference and relation. This essay has reported present confusion about the application of concepts in the flow rate measurement domain, and came to a result that we should pay great attention to the measurement characteristic and the efficiency at the same time when choosing and using flux measuring appliance, so as to insure the correctness of choosing the total quantity measurement and instantaneous flux measuring appliance.