基于F-AAS、GF-AAS对云南石榴蜂蜜中矿质元素进入途径研究

石榴蜂蜜为云南蒙自地区的特色蜂蜜。本文利用火焰原子吸收光谱仪(F-AAS)、石墨炉原子吸收光谱仪(GF-AAS)测定石榴蜂蜜、石榴植株各器官(根、茎、叶和花)及生境的土壤和水中9种矿质元素(K、Na、Pb、Cd、Zn、Mn、Mg、As和Cu)的含量。表明:石榴蜂蜜中K元素含量最高(283.68 mg/kg),Cd元素含量最低(0.008 mg/kg)。聚类分析和雷达图均显示石榴花对石榴蜂蜜中矿质元素含量的影响最大,其中K元素从花中进入到石榴蜂蜜的比例最大(37.79%);Cd元素的比例最少(0.46%)。相关性分析表明,石榴蜂蜜中的各矿质元素与植株各器官、水均有不同程度的显著相关,其中花中的K、Na、Zn、Mn和Mg,根中的Pb、Cd和As,水中的Na、Mn和As,茎中Pb和Mn,叶中的Zn元素均与石榴蜂蜜呈显著相关。本研究表明,石榴蜂蜜中的矿质元素除直接来源于"土壤-植株-花蜜"这个生物链外,还与环境和人类活动等因素有关。

Flame and Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrometry Analysis of the Source of Mineral Elements in Punica granatum Honey from Yunnan

Punica granatum honey is a featured product of the Mengzi region in Yunnan. The contents of nine mineral elements (potassium, sodium, lead, cadmium, zinc, manganese, magnesium, arsenic, and copper) in P. granatum honey, the plant organs of P. granatum (roots, stems, leaves, and flowers), and the soil and water of the habitat were evaluated with flame atomic absorption spectrometry (F-AAS) or graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GF-AAS) here. The results showed that in P. granatum honey, the elements with the highest content (283.68 mg/kg) and the lowest content (0.008 mg/kg) were potassium and cadmium, respectively. Cluster analysis and radar charts showed that the flower of P. granatum had the most significant impact on the mineral contents of the honey. The highest and lowest percentages of the elements that entered the P. granatum honey from flowers were potassium (37.79%) and cadmium (0.46%), respectively. Correlation analysis showed that the mineral contents in honey had significant correlations with different plant organs and the habitat water to varying extents. Among them, the potassium, lead, zinc, manganese, and magnesium in the flower, the lead, cadmium, and arsenic in the root, the sodium, manganese, and arsenic in the water, the lead and manganese in the stem, and the zinc in the leaf showed significant correlation with the contents in the honey. This study showed that besides the "soil-plant-nectar" chain, the mineral contents of P. granatum honey were also related to environmental factors and human activities.