双壳贝类养殖水体中Hg、Pb、Cd安全限量的研究

双壳贝类富集重金属会给消费者食用安全造成危害。本文以菲律宾蛤仔(Ruditapesphilippinarum)为研究对象,采用生物富集双箱动力学模型测定双壳贝类对3种重金属Hg、Pb、Cd的生物富集动力学参数。结果表明:贝类对重金属的生物富集和排出都较缓慢,经过30d生物富集未达到稳态平衡,Hg、Pb、Cd的生物富集系数BCF分别为1030、935和378,生物半衰期处在18～33d范围内。参考欧盟和我国菲律宾蛤仔标准中关于Hg、Pb、Cd的安全限量,通过BCF计算得到菲律宾蛤仔养殖水体中Hg、Pb、Cd的安全限量分别为0.0005、0.01和0.026mg/L。

Safety Levels of Four Heavy Metals in Ruditapes philippinarum Culturing Water

The heavy metals accumulated by bivalve mollusks present risks to human consumers. Kinetic parameters were measured for bioconcentration of three heavy metals Hg, Pb, Cd by Ruditapes philippinarum with a kinetic model of two- compartment. It was shown that: biconcentration and elimination of heavy metals in shellfish occurred slowly and the stationary balance did not reach after 30d, while the biological half-lives of Hg, Pb, Cd range from 18～33d, and the bioconcentration factors (BCF) of Hg, Pb and Cd are respectively 1030, 935 and 378. According to safety consumption limits set by EC and China about Hg, Pb and Cd for Ruditapes philippinarum, safety levels of Hg, Pb, Cd in the culturing waters are achieved after equivalent calculation through BCF: Hg 0.0005mg/L, Pb 0.01mg/L and Cd 0.026mg/L respectively.