Chemical composition,antimicrobial potential against cariogenic bacteria and cytotoxic activity of Tunisian Nigella sativa essential oil and thymoquinone |
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| Authors: | Hanene Jrah Harzallah Bochra Kouidhi Guido Flamini Amina Bakhrouf Touhami Mahjoub |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Unite de recherche, biologie et génétique du Cancer, des maladies hématologiques et auto-immunes, Faculté de Pharmacie, Monastir, Tunisia;2. Laboratoire d’ Analyse, Traitement et Valorisation des Polluants de l’Environnement et des Produits, Département de Microbiologie, Faculté de Pharmacie, Monastir, Tunisia;3. Dipartimento di Chimica Bioorganica e Biofarmacia, Via Bonanno 33, 56126 Pisa, Italy |
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| Abstract: | We investigate in this work the chemical composition by GC–EIMS, the antibacterial and the cytotoxic activities of Tunisian Nigella sativa essential oil and its bioactive compound, thymoquinone, were tested against various clinical cariogenic bacteria (n = 30). Eighty-four compounds were identified in the essential oil. The major one was p-cymene (49.48%) whereas thymoquinone represented only 0.79%. The essential oil (2.43 mg/disc) containing only 3.35 μg of thymoquinone showed pronounced dose dependant antibacterial activity against Streptococcus mitis, Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus constellatus and Gemella haemolysans (15.5 ± 0.707 mm). However, pure thymoquinone compound (150 μg/disk) was active against all the studied strains especially S. mutans and S. mitis (24.5 ± 0.71 and 22 ± 1.41 mm inhibition zones, respectively). |
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| Keywords: | S mitis Streptococcus mitis S mutans Streptococcus mutans S constellatus Streptococcus constellatus S oralis Streptococcus oralis S anginosus Streptococcus anginosus E faecalis Enterococcus faecalis E faecium Enterococcus faecium S sanguis Streptococcus sanguis MIC minimal inhibitory concentration |
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