GPS高程在滑坡监测中应用研究

GPS测量相对经典的测量技术,具有定位精度高、观测时间短、操作简便、全天候作业等优势,此外还能提供三维坐标、精确测定观测站的大地高程.GPS的三维定位特性研究及应用技术开发工作,国内外的学者均在加紧研究,长江委第十一勘测院针对这一问题,结合生产实践,提出GPS高程监测需解决的问题及实现手段,如GPS误差源、卫星轨道误差、对流层折射影响、基准点坐标确定、周跳修复等.在三峡库区宝塔滑坡的监测中,运用GPS高程监测取得了较高的精度.

Bank collapse harnessing of middle-lower Yangtze main stem

This paper analyses the characteristics of 1998 flood of middle and lower Yangtze and the condition of bank collapse and its harnessing,confirms the harnessing effect,points out the existing problems and puts forward the stage division standard for the harnessing work of collapsed bank.In the light of the harnessing process of the bank collapse in middle and lower Yangtze,it has generally undergone 2 stages:natural evolution stage before 1960s and preliminary harnessing stage after 1960s.The progress of bank collapse harnessing in middle-lower Yangtze is not the same,for the first grade dyke it has been in reinforcement and reformation stage,and for individual cases it has turned into regular maintenance stage.Bank collapse harnessing is a fundmental measure for controlling and stabilizing favorable river regime and the basis for sustainable economic development.For this reason,this paper discusses 3 main tactics of bank collapse harnessing and some specific measures which may be used for reference in decision making.