基于博弈论的电力需求价格弹性与发电市场均衡关系

利用供应函数模型这一博弈论工具分析了电力需求价格弹性对发电市场均衡的影响。发现在两个发电企业的市场结构下，无论发电企业的成本属于截距为零线性边际成本、常数边际成本，还是属于线性边际成本，如果不引入需求价格弹性的影响，发电市场均衡将不存在，只有引入需求价格弹性的影响，发电市场均衡才存在且唯一。同时需求价格弹性越大，发电市场均衡价格越低。因此在电力市场交易机制的设计中，应考虑如何在发电企业竞价上网时引入电力需求价格弹性的影响。

The Relationship Between Price Elasticity of Demand and Generation Market Equilibrium Analysis Based on Game Theory

This thesis studies the influence of the price elactricity of demand in generation market based on supply function model. It is found that under the market structure of two generators, when these generators are with linear marginal costs with zero intercept, constant marginal costs, or linear marginal costs, if there is not the price elasticity of demand, the equilibrium in generation market will not exist. Only with the condition of the price elasticity of demand, the equilibrium in generation market will exist and be unique. At the same time, the greater is the price elasticity of demand, the lower is the equlibrium price in generation market. Thus when the electricity market mechanism is designed, how to introduce the influence of the price elactricity of demand in generation market should be considered.