采场岩体边坡渗流的裂隙控渗特征

裂隙岩体的渗透特性实质上是裂隙水力学问题，裂隙控制着岩体的渗透特性。大多数矿山岩体边坡，由于岩体裂隙发育较为密集，最大裂隙间距或平均裂隙间距与边坡的尺寸(通常高数百米)相比，一般都很小．流场区域体积远大于典型表征体单元REV体积，因此采用等效连续介质模型是合理的，并且能反映裂隙各向异性渗透特征对渗流场的控制和影响作用。实例分析表明，裂隙分布形式影响着裂隙岩体的渗透系数张量；裂隙分布影响着裂隙岩体边坡的渗流场分布，自由面等势线形态和剖面等势线形态明显受裂隙发育方位的影响，自由面等势线的展布方向趋向裂隙发育优势走向，剖面等势线的展布方向趋向裂隙发育优势倾向。因此，采场岩体边坡渗流的基本特征是裂隙发育对渗流的控制性。

Characteristics of Fracture Controlled Seepage of Mine Rock Slope Seepage

The seepage characteristics of fractured rockmass is essentially an issue of fracture hydraulics, where it is the fracture that controls the seepage characteristics of rockmass. For most mine rock slopes, as the rockmass fractures are rather concentrated, the largest or average fracture space is very small when compared with the dimension of slope (generally several hundred meters high). The seepage area volume is far more larger than that of the typical characterized unit REV, therefore it is resonable to apply equivalent continuous medium model, which can reflect the control of and influnce on seepage field by anisotropic seepage characteristics of fractures. The real case analysis shows that the distribution mode of fractures affects the seepage coefficient tensor; fracture distribution affects the seepage field distribution of fractured rockmass slope; the shapes of free face equipotential line and sectional equipotential line are evidently affected by the fracture development azimuth; and the extension driection of free face equipontential line tends to the superiority strike of fracture development while that of sectional equipotential line tends to the superiority trend of fracture development. Thus, the basic characteristic of the seepage of mine rockmass slope is the control of seepage by fracture development.