南极磷虾油、鱼油与花生四烯酸油对骨质疏松症小鼠脂质代谢的影响

目的：比较南极磷虾油、鱼油和花生四烯酸油对去卵巢骨质疏松小鼠脂质代谢的影响。方法：对8 周龄健康雌性C57BL/6J小鼠部分进行双侧去卵巢手术，建立绝经后骨质疏松症模型；部分不进行去卵巢手术，仅进行开腹腔与缝合的假手术，作为假手术组（生理盐水）。将造模成功的小鼠分为模型对照组（生理盐水）、南极磷虾油组（150 mg/kg mb）、鱼油组（80 mg/kg mb）和花生四烯酸油组（140 mg/kg mb）。连续灌胃12 周后取材，测定骨密度，血清和肝脏中的总胆固醇、甘油三酯水平，肝脏中脂质合成相关基因表达水平等相关指标。结果：两种n-3多不饱和脂肪酸（polyunsaturated fatty acids，PUFA）油脂南极磷虾油和鱼油能极显著降低骨质疏松小鼠体脂比（P＜0.01），改善血脂及肝脏脂质水平，显著或极显著下调肝脏中脂质合成关键基因SREBP-1c、FAS、ACC、SCD1的mRNA表达（P＜0.05、P＜0.01）；而n-6 PUFA油脂花生四烯酸油会升高血脂水平并上调肝脏中脂质合成关键基因的表达。结论：两种n-3 PUFA均能够显著改善骨质疏松小鼠脂代谢紊乱，且南极磷虾油效果更好；而n-6 PUFA花生四烯酸油则加剧脂代谢紊乱。

Effects of Antarctic Krill Oil,Fish Oil and Arachidonic Acid-Enriched Oil on Lipid Metabolism in Osteoporotic Mice

Objective: To compare the effects of Antarctic krill oil, fish oil and arachidonic acid-enriched oil on lipid metabolism in ovariectomized mice with osteoporosis. Methods: Eight-week-old healthy female C57BL/6J mice were subjected to bilateral ovariectomy to establish a model of postmenopausal osteoporosis. Other mice were subjected to a sham operation without ovariectomy and gavaged with normal saline. After successful establishment of the model, the mice were randomly divided into a model control group (normal saline), an Antarctic krill oil group (150 mg/kg mb), a fish oil group (80 mg/kg mb) and an arachidonic acid-enriched oil group (140 mg/ kg mb). After administration for 12 continuous weeks, bone mineral density, total cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride (TG) levels in the serum and liver, and the expression levels of lipid synthesis-related genes in the liver were determined. Results: Antarctic krill oil and fish oil, both rich in n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), significantly reduced the body fat percentage of osteoporotic mice (P < 0.01), improved blood and liver lipid levels, and significantly down-regulated the mRNA expression of the genes encoding sterol regulatory element binding protein-1c (SREBP-1c), fatty acid synthase (FAS), acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC), and stearoyl-CoA desaturase1 (SCD1) (P < 0.05, P < 0.01), while arachidonic acid-enriched oil increased blood lipid levels and up-regulated the expression of key lipid synthesis genes in the liver. Conclusion: Antarctic krill oil and fish oil can significantly alleviate lipid metabolism disorders in osteoporotic mice, with the former being more effective, while arachidonic acid-enriched oil has an opposite effect.