基于液相色谱-质谱法脂质组学研究德州驴肌肉的脂质组成

基于液相色谱-质谱法脂质组学研究三粉（Sanfen,SF）驴和乌头（Wutou,WT）驴肌肉脂质和脂肪酸组成、差异脂质、潜在生物标记物和代谢途径。结果表明，2种驴肉均鉴定出1 101种脂质分子，属于13个亚类。甘油三酯为德州驴肌肉优势脂质，其次是磷脂；甘油二酯相对含量在SF驴肌肉中显著高于WT驴肌肉（P<0.05）。SF和WT驴肌肉中所有脂肪酸组成均无显著差异（P>0.05）。共筛选出37种差异脂质分子（投影变量重要性值大于1和P<0.05），其中SF与WT驴相比，32种上调，5种下调。利用接收者操作特征曲线，筛选出11种脂质分子可作为区分SF和WT驴的主要候选生物标志物。差异脂质分子主要富集的脂质代谢通路包括甘油磷脂代谢、亚油酸代谢、糖基磷脂酰肌醇-锚定生物合成途径、α-亚麻酸代谢和花生四烯酸代谢途径。本研究在脂质分子和代谢水平分析德州驴不同品种肌肉脂质的差异，筛选出潜在生物标志物。

Lipid Profiles of Meat from Donkeys in Dezhou Analyzed by Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry-Based Lipidomics

The present study was conducted to investigate lipid and fatty acid compositions, differential lipids, potential biomarkers and metabolic pathways in the muscles of two indigenous donkey breeds in Dezhou, Shandong, Sanfen (SF) and Wutou (WT), using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS)-based lipidomics. The results showed that a total of 1 101 lipid molecules belonging to 13 subclasses were identified in both donkey breeds. Triglycerides were the dominant lipids in donkey muscle, followed by phospholipids. The relative content of diacylglycerol in SF muscle was significantly higher than that in WT muscle (P < 0.05), while no significant difference in fatty acid composition was found between SF and WT muscle (P > 0.05). A total of 37 differential lipid molecules were identified (variable importance in the projection above 1, P < 0.05), of which 32 were up-regulated and five were down-regulated in SF muscle compared with WT muscle. Among them, 11 lipid molecules were considered as potential lipid markers to distinguish SF and WT from receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. These differential lipids were involved in glycerophospholipid metabolism, glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchor biosynthesis, linoleic acid metabolism, alpha-linolenic acid metabolism, and arachidonic acid metabolism. This study analyzed the lipid differences of Dezhou donkey in different breeds at the level of lipid molecules and metabolism, screening of potential biomarkers.