饮食结构、营养成分对抑郁症的影响研究进展

抑郁症正在成为仅次于癌症的人类第二大杀手，全球预计有3.4亿 人患病。研究报道表明通过饮食可以干预抑郁。本文综述了高蛋白饮食、素食饮食、高脂饮食和生酮饮食等饮食结构对抑郁症的影响作用，讨论了食物中叶酸、膳食纤维、多酚化合物、维生素和多不饱和脂肪酸等营养成分对抑郁症状的改善作用，并总结了饮食结构与营养成分通过调节单胺类神经递质代谢、消化道与肠道菌群、神经内分泌系统等3 种作用机制进而影响抑郁。本文可为从饮食上预防和干涉抑郁症提供新的思路。

Progress in Research on the Effect of Diet Structure and Nutritional Composition on Depression

Depression is becoming the second biggest killer of mankind after cancer, with an estimated 340 million people worldwide suffering from this disease. Research reports have shown that diet affects depression. This paper reviews the effects of different dietary structures such as high protein diet, vegetarian diet, high-fat diet and ketogenic diet on depression, discusses the effect of nutritional components such as folic acid, dietary fiber, polyphenolic compounds, vitamins and polyunsaturated fatty acids in improving depression, and summarizes the three mechanisms by which dietary structures and nutritional components affect depression: by regulating the metabolism of monoamine neurotransmitters, the digestive tract and the intestinal flora, and neuroendocrine system. This article will provide new inspirations to prevent and interfere in depression through diet.