草鱼鳞胶原蛋白肽对骨质疏松小鼠骨微结构、血清TNF-α、IL-1β与IL-6和肠道菌群的影响

为了研究草鱼鳞胶原蛋白肽（collagen peptide，CP）防治骨质疏松（osteoporosis，OP）作用与血清炎性细胞因子、肠道菌群的关系，将雌性ICR小鼠分为假手术组、模型组、钙尔奇D组和胶原蛋白组，建立OP模型。分析CP对小鼠股骨的生物力学特性、骨微结构、血清肿瘤坏死因子-α（tumor necrosis factor-α，TNF-α）、白细胞介素（interleukin，IL）-1β与IL-6以及肠道菌群相关指标的影响。结果表明，与模型组相比，草鱼鳞CP可以显著增加OP小鼠股骨的最大弯曲荷载和最大弯曲应力（P＜0.05，P＜0.01），增加骨小梁数量，修复骨微结构，显著降低血清中IL-1β、IL-6和TNF-α质量浓度（P＜0.05），改变肠道菌群组成结构，降低厚壁菌门和拟杆菌门丰度比值，增加乳酸杆菌和普雷沃菌等益生菌的丰度，抑制螺杆菌属等多种条件致病菌在肠道的定植与繁殖。结论：草鱼鳞CP通过减少小鼠血清炎性细胞因子的分泌，改善肠道菌群结构，辅助治疗OP。

Effect of Grass Carp Scale Collagen Peptide on Bone Microstructure,Serum TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 and Intestinal Flora in Osteoporotic Mice

To explore the relationship between the preventive and therapeutic effect of grass carp scale collagen peptide (CP) on osteoporosis (OP) and inflammatory cytokines and intestinal flora, female ICR mice were divided into four groups: sham operation, OP model, calcium supplement (Caltrate), and collagen. The effect of CP from grass carp scale on the biomechanical properties and microstructure of the femur, the serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6, and the intestinal flora in mice was investigated. The results showed that grass carp scale CP could enhance the maximum bending load and maximum bending stress of the femur in OP mice (P < 0.05), increase the number of trabeculae, repair damaged femur microstructure, reduce IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α concentrations in serum (P < 0.05), regulate the composition of intestinal flora, reduce the abundance ratio between Firmicutes and Bacteroides, promote the growth of probiotics such as Lactobacillus and Prevotella, and inhibit the colonization and reproduction of opportunistic pathogens such as Helicobacter in the intestine compared with OP model. In summary, grass carp scale CP can act as an adjuvant agent for the treatment of OP by reducing the secretion of serum inflammatory cytokines and improving the composition of the intestinal flora in mice.