新疆和山东产地驴奶成分的代谢组和脂质组分析

通过非靶向代谢组学和脂质组学技术，对产自新疆和山东的驴奶中代谢物和脂质进行对比研究。结果表明：两组样本中的代谢物和脂质都具有较大差异。以变量投影重要性（variable importance in the projection，VIP）值＞1、P＜0.05且差异倍数（fold change，FC）≥2或＜0.5为阈值，在正离子和负离子模式下分别筛选出12、34 种差异代谢物，其中包括吗啡感受素、麦德龙苷C以及戊基羟脯氨酸等重要化合物；进一步分析发现，这些化合物分别与蛋白水解和微生物代谢有重要关系。以VIP≥3.0、P＜0.001且FC≥2或＜0.5为阈值，在负离子和正离子模式下分别筛选了50、36 个差异脂质。本研究所发现的差异物可以作为潜在的标志物为产地鉴别提供参考依据，并为驴奶的进一步深加工提供理论依据。

Metabolomic and Lipidomic Analysis of Donkey Milk from Xinjiang and Shandong

The metabolites and lipids in donkey milk from Xinjiang and Shandong were studied by non-targeted metabolomics and lipidomics. The results showed that there were significant differences in metabolites and lipids between the two groups of samples. With variable importance in the projection (VIP) > 1, P < 0.05 and fold change (FC) ≥ 2 or < 0.5 as the threshold, 12 and 34 differential metabolites were selected in the positive and negative ion modes, respectively, including some important compounds such as morphiceptin, madlongiside C, valyl-hydroxyproline. Further analysis revealed that these compounds could be related to proteolysis and microbial metabolism. With VIP ≥ 3.0, P < 0.001 and FC ≥ 2 or < 0.5 as the threshold, 50 and 36 differential lipids were selected in negative and positive ion modes, respectively. The differential lipids and metabolites found in this study can be used as potential markers for geographic origin identification, while will provide a theoretical basis for intensive processing of donkey milk.