谷糠多酚对酒精性胃黏膜损伤的保护作用

目的：初步阐明谷糠多酚对酒精性胃黏膜损伤的保护作用以及具体分子机制，为谷糠多酚在饮酒人群胃黏膜损伤营养干预方面的应用提供科学依据。方法：雄性Wistar大鼠连续3 周每天灌胃50 mg/kg mb谷糠多酚，干预结束后通过灌胃体积分数75%乙醇溶液建立急性酒精性胃黏膜损伤模型；利用不同剂量（1～15 μg/mL）谷糠多酚对人胃黏膜上皮细胞（GES-1）处理24 h，继而通过1 000 mmol/L酒精继续作用12 h建立酒精性GES-1细胞损伤及干预模型；通过解剖观察大鼠胃组织形态学及病理结构，评价谷糠多酚对大鼠胃黏膜组织的保护作用；结合细胞形态变化及存活情况评价谷糠多酚对GES-1细胞的保护作用；通过测定氧化应激和细胞凋亡相关指标，评价谷糠多酚对急性酒精性胃黏膜损伤大鼠及GES-1细胞的抗氧化和抑制凋亡能力的影响。结果：谷糠多酚可以有效预防酒精引起的大鼠胃黏膜及GES-1细胞损伤，极显著缓解酒精引起的GES-1细胞活性氧（reactive oxygen species，ROS）水平升高（P＜0.01）；同时极显著缓解大鼠胃黏膜组织和GES-1细胞中丙二醛（methane dicarboxylic aldehyde，MDA）水平升高（P＜0.01），提高超氧化物歧化酶（superoxide dismutase，SOD）活力，明显抑制酒精引起的细胞凋亡。结论：谷糠多酚能够通过缓解酒精引起的胃黏膜上皮细胞氧化损伤从而保护胃黏膜。

Protective Effect of Foxtail Millet Bran-Derived Polyphenols on Alcohol-Induced Gastric Mucosal Injury

Objective: The purpose of this study was to clarify the protective effect of foxtail millet bran polyphenols on alcohol-induced gastric mucosal injury and its underlying molecular mechanism in order to provide a scientific basis for the application of foxtail millet bran polyphenols in nutritional intervention for patients with alcohol-induced gastric mucosal injury. Methods: Male Wistar rats were intragastrically administered with 50 mg/kg mb of polyphenols derived from foxtail millet bran on a daily basis for three successive weeks. Afterwards, a rat model of acute alcohol-induced gastric mucosa injury was established by intragastrically administering the animals with 75% ethanol solution. Alcohol-induced gastric epithelial cell injury and intervention models were established by sequential treamtment of human gastric epithelial cells (GES-1 cells) with different doses (1–15 μg/mL) of foxtail millet bran polyphenols for 24 h followed by 1 000 mmol/L of ethanol for 12 h. The morphological and pathological structure of rat stomach was observed by dissection, and the protective effect of foxtail millet bran polyphenols on rat gastric mucosa was evaluated. The protective effect of foxtail millet bran polyphenols on GES-1 cells was evaluated in combination with cell morphological changes and survival rates. Finally, oxidative stress and apoptosis indicators were measured to evaluate the effects of foxtail millet bran polyphenols on antioxidant activity in rats and GES-1 cells with acute alcohol-induced injury and the inhibitory effect of foxtail millet bran polyphenols on ethanol-induced cell apoptosis. Results: Foxtail millet bran-derived polyphenols could effectively prevent alcohol-induced rat gastric mucosal and GES-1 cell injury, significantly attenuate the ethanol-induced increase in the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in GES-1 cells (P < 0.01). At the same time, it significantly relieved the elevated level of malondialdehyde (MDA) in rat gastric mucosal and markedly enhanced the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), and obviously inhibited ethanol-induced cell apoptosis. Conclusion: Foxtail millet bran-derived polyphenols protect the gastric mucosa by alleviating ethanol-induced oxidative damage of gastrointestinal mucosal epithelial cells.