壳寡糖功能特性研究进展

壳寡糖是一种2~10个氨基葡萄糖以β-1, 4糖苷键连接组成的碱性天然寡糖，通常由壳聚糖经化学、物理或酶法水解制备。壳寡糖具备多种重要的生物活性，如防治与代谢相关的糖尿病、高血脂症，抗肿瘤，缓解退行性疾病阿尔兹海默病、骨关节炎，提高免疫力等。已有许多研究者对其功能特性进行前期探索，获取大量有效数据，因此壳寡糖具备广阔的开发前景。本文专门对近年来壳寡糖功能特性研究及作用机理进行了论述，并分析了目前壳寡糖研究中存在的问题，以期为后续深入研究提供参考依据。

Research Progress on the Functional Characteristics of Chitooligosaccharides

Chitooligosaccharides are natural oligosaccharides composed by β-1, 4-linked homopolymer of 2~10 units of glucosamine (GlcN), and usually prepared by chemical, physical or enzymatic hydrolysis of chitosan. Chitooligosaccharides have many important biological activities, such as preventing and treating metabolic related diabetes, hyperlipidemia, anti-tumor, alleviating degenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease, osteoarthritis, and improving immunity. Many researchers have conducted preliminary explorations on the functional characteristics of chitooligosaccharides and obtained a large amount of effective data, so it has broad development prospects. In this paper, the research on the functional characteristics and mechanism of chitooligosaccharides in recent years are reviewed, and the existing problems in the research are analyzed, so as to provide reference for the further research.