基于高通量测序技术分析汉中地区泡菜水细菌多样性

该研究采用Illumina MiSeq高通量测序技术对陕西省汉中地区泡菜水中的细菌构成进行解析，并采用生物信息学方法对其多样性进行分析，同时结合多元统计学等手段探讨汉中泡菜水中微生物结构的差异。结果表明，泡菜水样品中的细菌菌群主要隶属于24个门的553属，优势细菌门为硬壁菌门（Firmicutes）和变形菌门（Proteobacteria），其平均相对含量分别为89.12%和7.89%；优势细菌属为片球菌属（Pediococcus）、乳杆菌属（Lactobacillus）、假单胞菌属（Pseudomonas）和明串珠菌属（Leuconostoc），其平均相对含量分别为52.06%、31.40%、4.89%和1.83%。汉中地区的泡菜水样品可以划分为两个聚类，隶属于不同聚类泡菜水样品的α多样性指数无显著性差异（P＞0.05），但细菌菌群结构存在较大差异（P＜0.05），且片球菌属和乳杆菌属的相对含量存在显著性差异（P＜0.05）。同时，不同聚类的泡菜水中均存在一些低丰度物种，且均为一些较为独特的细菌类群。

Bacterial diversity of Paocai brine in Hanzhong area based on high-throughput sequencing technique

The bacterial composition of Paocai brine in Hanzhong area of Shaanxi Province was analyzed using Illumina MiSeq high-throughput sequencing technique, and its diversity was analyzed by bioinformatics methods. At the same time, combined with multiple statistics and other methods, the difference of microbial structure of Paocai brine in Hanzhong area was explored. The results showed that the bacterial flora in Paocai brine samples mainly belonged to 553 genera of 24 phyla, and the dominant bacteria phyla were Firmicutes and Proteobacteria, with an average relative content of 89.12% and 7.89%, respectively. The dominant bacteria genera were Pediococcus, Lactobacillus, Pseudomonas and Leuconostoc, with an average relative content of 52.06%, 31.40%, 4.89% and 1.83%, respectively. The Paocai brine samples in Hanzhong area could be divided into two clusters, and there was no significant difference in the α diversity index of Paocai brine samples belonging to different clusters (P＞0.05), but there was significant difference in bacterial community structure and the relative content of Pediococcus and Lactobacillus (P＜0.05). At the same time, there were some low abundance species in different cluster of Paocai brine, and these low abundance species were some unique bacterial groups.