秭归地区鲊广椒中乳酸菌及细菌多样性研究

该研究在采用纯培养方式对秭归地区鲊广椒中乳酸菌进行分离鉴定的基础上,进一步采用MiSeq高通量测序技术对其细菌多样性进行解析。结果表明,从14个鲊广椒中分离出的43株疑似乳酸菌被鉴定为乳酸杆菌属（Lactobacillus）和屎肠球菌属（Enterococcus）,鉴定到的种主要有植物乳杆菌（Lactobacillus plantarum）、敏捷乳杆菌（Lactobacillus alimentarius）和屎肠球菌（Enterococcus faecium）,占所有分离株的86.05%,其中L. plantarum占所有分离株的60.74%,为优势菌种。测序结果显示,鲊广椒中主要的细菌类群为隶属于硬壁菌门（Firmicutes）的Lactobacillus和戊糖片球菌属（Pediococcus）以及隶属于变形菌门（Proteobacteria）的假单胞菌属（Pseudomonas）,其平均相对含量分别为47.85%、13.29%和21.31%,其中乳酸菌含量累计达61.14%。由此可见,秭归地区鲊广椒中蕴含了较为丰富的乳酸菌资源,但同时也存在Pseudomonas等具有致病性的菌属。

Lactic acid bacteria and bacterial diversity of Zha-chili in Zigui region

In this study, based on the isolation and identification of lactic acid bacteria from Zha-chili (a kind of fermented chili pepper) in Zigui by pure cultivation method, the bacterial diversity was further analyzed by MiSeq high-throughput sequencing. The results showed that 43 strains of suspected lactic acid bacteria isolated from 14 Zha-chili were identified as Lactobacillus and Enterococcus. The identified species were mainly Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus alimentarius and Enterococcus faecium, accounting for 86.05% of all isolated strains. Among them, L. plantarum was the dominant species, accounting for 60.74% of all isolated strains. Sequencing results showed that the main bacteria groups in Zha-chili were Lactobacillus and Pediococcus belonging to Firmicutes, and Pseudomonas belonging to Proteobacteria, the average relative contents were 47.85%, 13.29% and 21.31%, respectively. Among them, the lactic acid bacteria accounted up to 61.14%. It could be seen that there were abundant lactic acid bacteria resources in the Zha-chili from Zigui region, but there were also pathogenic bacteria such as Pseudomonas.