聚乙烯亚胺/植酸层层自组装阻燃涤/棉混纺织物制备及其性能

为实现涤/棉混纺织物的环保阻燃,以聚乙烯亚胺(PEI)和植酸(PA)为原料,基于层层自组装(LBL)方法,在涤/棉混纺织物表面构建PEI/PA阻燃涂层。采用傅里叶红外光谱仪、扫描电子显微镜、极限氧指数(LOI)测试仪和垂直燃烧测试仪等对整理前后涤/棉混纺织物的红外特征吸收、微观形貌、热稳定性和阻燃性能进行表征和测定。结果表明:采用LBL方法在涤/棉混纺织物上成功构建PEI/PA阻燃涂层;与未整理的涤/棉混纺织物相比,经过PEI/PA涂层整理后的涤/棉混纺织物LOI值可达32.3%,损毁长度降至98 mm,续燃时间和阴燃时间都为0 s,无熔滴产生,且对织物的断裂强度和白度影响较小;涤/棉混纺织物的热稳定性能得到提高,形成稳定的炭层;经20次洗涤其LOI值大于26%,表现出较好的耐久性。

Preparation and properties of flame retardant polyester/cotton blended fabrics by layer-by-layer assemblying polyethylenimine/phytic acid

In order to achieve environmental friendly flame retardancy of polyester/cotton fabrics, PEI/PA flame retardant coating was constructed on the surface of polyester/cotton fabrics using polyethyleneimine (PEI) and phytic acid (PA) as raw materials based on the layer-by-layer assembly (LBL) method. The infrared characteristic absorption, microscopic morphology, thermal stability and flame retardant properties of the polyester/cotton fabrics before and after finishing were characterized and evaluated using Fourier infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, limiting oxygen index (LOI) tester and vertical combustion tester. The results show that PEI/PA flame retardant coating is successfully constructed on the polyester/cotton fabric using the LBL method. Compared with the unfinished polyester/cotton fabric, the LOI value of polyester/cotton fabric treated with PEI/PA coating reached 32.3%, its char length reduced to 98 mm. Both the after-flame time and after-glow time were 0 s, no molten droplets were generated, and the breaking strength and whiteness of the fabric were less influenced by the treatment, and the thermal stability of polyester/cotton fabric was improved to form a stable char layer.The LOI value of finished fabrics after 20 times washing was still over 26% showing good washing durability.