1-MCP处理期不同成熟度‘霞晖8号’桃果实贮藏中品质和生理生化特性的影响

桃作为跃变型果实，其贮藏时间较短且极易发生冷害、木质化。1-MCP作为采后果蔬保鲜效果较好的化学处理方法，在新鲜果蔬采后应用。本实验以两种成熟度‘霞晖8号’桃果实为试材，采用10 μL/L 1-甲基环丙烯（1-methylcyclopropene, 1-MCP）密闭处理果实12 h，探索20 ℃ 1-MCP对贮藏期间不同成熟度桃果实品质和生理生化变化的影响。结果表明，1-MCP处理均能抑制两种成熟度果实的呼吸强度和乙烯释放。贮藏第4 d时，1-MCP处理低和高两成熟度果实的呼吸强度分别较对照低12.16 mg·kg ?1·h ?1和12.82 mg·kg ?1·h ?1，乙烯释放量峰值较对照分别降低了18.43%和15.88%。1-MCP处理果实的硬度、还原型抗坏血酸和谷胱甘肽含量均高于同时间的对照果实，处理能够抑制果实丙二醛的积累，在贮藏末期，低成熟度处理和对照组MDA含量分别为2.35和2.54 μmol·g?1FW。另外，与对照相比，贮藏末期高成熟度处理果实琥珀酸脱氢酶和细胞色素氧化酶活性较高，分别为0.47和2.80 U·min?1·g?1FW，低成熟度处理果实过氧化物酶和超氧化物歧化酶活性上升时间受到延迟，琥珀酸脱氢酶和细胞色素氧化酶活性分别提高了32.50%和20.30%，表明1-MCP处理可以延缓‘霞晖8号’桃果实成熟衰老进程，保持其品质，且以较低成熟度处理效果更好。

Effect of 1-MCP on Peach Fruit Quality and Physio-Biochemical Characteristics of 'Xiahui 8' with Different Maturity during Storage

Peach, a climacteric fruit, has quite short storage period and is prone to chilling injury and lignification. As a common and effective treatment for the quality maintenance of fruit and vegetables, 1-MCP is used in postharvest practice. Taking 'Xiahui No. 8' as the experimental material, the effect of 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) treatment (10 μL/L, 12 h) on the quality and physio-biological impacts of peach fruits with two maturities during storage at 20 ℃ was investigated. The results showed that the 1-MCP treatments could inhibit the respiration intensity and ethylene release of the two-mature fruits. On the 4th day of storage, the respiration intensity of the low and high maturity fruits of the 1-MCP treatment was 12.16 mg·kg?1·h?1and 12.82 mg·kg?1·h?1 lower than the control. Compared with the control, the peak value of ethylene decreased by 18.43% and 15.88%.The hardness, reduced ascorbic acid (RASA) and glutathione (RGSH) contents of the 1-MCP-treated fruits were all higher than those of the corresponding control group; simultaneous the treatments could inhibit malondialdehyde (MDA) accumulation, at the end of storage, MDA content of low maturity treatment and control group were 2.35 μmol·g?1FW and 2.54 μmol·g?1FW, meanwhile, compared with the control group, the activities of succinate dehydrogenase and cytochrome oxidase of high maturity treatment were maintained at 0.47 and 2.80 U ·min?1·g?1FW at the end of storage. The activities of peroxidase and superoxide dismutase were delayed in low maturity treatment, and the activities of succinate dehydrogenase and cytochrome oxidase were increased by 32.50% and 20.30%. The results showed that 1-MCP treatment could delay the maturity and aging process of 'Xiahui 8' peach fruit, maintained its quality, and generally had a better effect with lower maturity.