高效降解生物胺乳酸菌的筛选、鉴定及特性研究

为获得高效降解生物胺的乳酸菌，以鱼露为试验原料，从鱼露中分离纯化并筛选具有高效降解4种常见生物胺活性的菌株，通过形态观察、碳源利用和分子生物学鉴定，该菌株，并研究其生长和生物胺降解特性。结果表明，共筛选得到8株生物胺降解菌株，其中最佳生物胺降解菌为FSCBAD033，该菌株被鉴定为发酵柠檬乳杆菌（Limosilactobacillus fermentum）。该菌株可以降解86.4%腐胺、78.5%尸胺、72.3%组胺和100%酪胺，且在含有前体氨基酸的培养基中不积累该四种生物胺。菌株FSCBAD033的最适生长温度、初始pH值和NaCl含量分别为40 ℃、6和3%，其在温度30～40 ℃、初始pH值5～7、NaCl含量不超过6%的范围内降解生物胺能力较高（四种生物胺降解率均＞50%）。

Screening,identification and characteristics of a high efficient biogenic amines-degrading lactic acid bacteria

In order to obtain lactic acid bacteria that can effectively degrade biogenic amines, using fish sauce as raw material, the strain with efficient degradation efficiency on four common biogenic amines was isolated, purified and screened from fish sauce. The strains were identified by morphological observation, carbon source utilization and molecular biological identification, and the growth and biogenic amines degradation characteristics were studied. The results showed that 8 strains were screened, and the optimal bioamine-degrading strain was FSCBAD033. the strain was identified as Limosilacillus fermentum. The degradation rates on putrescine, cadaverine, histamine and tyramine were 86.4%, 78.5%, 72.3% and 100%, respectively, L. fermentum FSCBAD033 did not accumulate 4 biogenic amines in the medium containing precursor amino acids. The optimal growth temperature, initial pH and NaCl content of L. fermentum FSCBAD033 were 40 ℃, 6 and 3%, respectively. L. fermentum FSCBAD033 showed high biogenic amine degradation ability (the degradation rates on 4 biogenic amines were more than 50%) in 30-40 ℃, initial pH 5-7, and NaCl concentration less than 6%.