水杨酸处理对板栗冷藏后货架期生理的影响

为探索水杨酸(SA)处理对板栗冷藏后货架期生理的影响机制，以“镇安”红栗为试材，采用不同浓度(1、3.5、7.5mmol/L)水杨酸处理10h，于(0 ± 1)℃、相对湿度65%～80% 条件下冷藏220d 后取出置于室温(温度17～26℃、相对湿度37%～46%)环境中，每隔3d 测定栗果腐烂率、呼吸强度、含水量、保护酶(SOD、CAT 和POD)活性及丙二醛(MDA)含量变化。结果表明：SA 处理可极显著抑制板栗货架期腐烂的发生，有效推迟呼吸峰的出现时间。1mmol/L 和3.5mmol/L SA 处理有利于保持栗果的水分含量，抑制了MDA 含量的增加。3.5mmol/L SA处理提高了货架后期SOD 活性，推迟了CAT 活性高峰的出现时间，并使POD 活性始终维持在较高水平。研究表明，采用1～3.5mmol/L SA 处理可使栗果在货架期保持较好的生理性状。

Effect of Salicylic Acid Treatment on Physiology of Cold-stored Fruits of Chestnut (Castanea mollissima Blume) during Shelf-life

To explore the effect and mechanism of salicylic acid (SA) treatment on physiological indexes of cold-stored chestnut fruits during shelf-life, Zhen’an chestnut fruits were immersed in various concentrations (1, 3.5, 7.5 mmol/ L) of SA solution, respectively for 10 hours and stored under the conditions of (0 ± 1) ℃ and 65%－80% relative humidity (RH) for 220 days, the treated chestnut fruits were then placed under the simulated shelf-life conditions of 17－26 ℃ and 37%－46% RH, and the changes in rotten rate, respiratory intensity, moisture, weight loss rate, the activities of antioxidant related enzymes (SOD, CAT, POD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) content of SA-treated, cold-stored fruits were measured at regular intervals of 3 days during shelf-life. Results showed that SA treatment resulted in a significant reduction of percentage of rotten fruits and delaying of respiration peak occurrence during shelf-life. The decrease of moisture and the increase of weight loss rate and MDA content were effectively inhibited by both 1 and 3.5 mmol/ L SA treatments. SA treatment at 3.5 mmol/L concentration enhanced SOD activity at a late stage of shelf-life, effectively postponed the occurrence of CAT activity peak, and maintained a high level of POD activity throughout shelf-life. In conclusion, a good maintenance for physiological characteristics of chestnut fruits during shelf-life can be achieved using 1－3.5 mmol/L SA treatment.