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Size segregation and seasonal patterns in rusty crayfish Faxonius rusticus distribution and abundance on northern Lake Michigan spawning reefs
Authors:Jake T. Kvistad  Jason T. Buckley  Krista M. Robinson  Tracy L. Galarowicz  Randall M. Claramunt  David F. Clapp  Patrick O'Neill  W. Lindsay Chadderton  Andrew J. Tucker  Matthew Herbert
Affiliation:1. Central Michigan University, Department of Biology, Biosciences 2100, Mount Pleasant, MI, 48859, United States;2. Illinois Natural History Survey, 1816 S. Oak Street, Champaign, IL 61820, United States;3. Michigan Department of Environment, Great Lakes, and Energy, Drinking Water and Environmental Health Division, 525 W. Allegan Street, Lansing, MI 48933, United States;4. Michigan Department of Natural Resources, Oden State Fish Hatchery, 8258 S. Ayr Road, Alanson, MI 49706, United States;5. Michigan Department of Natural Resources, Charlevoix Fisheries Research Station, 96 Grant Street, Charlevoix, MI 49720, United States;6. The Nature Conservancy, 721 Flanner Hall, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, United States;7. The Nature Conservancy, 101 E. César E. Chávez Avenue, Lansing, MI 48906, United States;1. Paleoecological Environmental Assessment and Research Laboratory, Department of Biology, 116 Barrie St., Queen’s University, Kingston K7L 3J9, Ontario, Canada;2. St. Lawrence River Institute of Environmental Sciences, 2 St. Lawrence Drive, Cornwall K6H 4Z1, Ontario, Canada;1. Department of Geomatics and Land Management, Makerere University, P.O. Box 7062, Kampala, Uganda;2. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Makerere University, P.O. Box 7062, Kampala, Uganda;1. School of Surveying and Geospatial Engineering, University of Tehran, P.O. Box 14174-66191, Tehran, Iran;2. Physical Geography Department, University of Tehran, P.O. Box 14155-6465, Tehran, Iran;3. Department of Civil Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, P.O. Box 11155-9313, Tehran, Iran;1. Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada;2. Carleton University, Carleton Technology and Training Centre, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada;3. Department of Psychology, Neuroscience and Behaviour, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada;4. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Marquette Biological Station, 3090 Wright Street, Marquette, MI 49855, USA;5. Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Sea Lamprey Control Centre, 1219 Queen Street East, Sault Ste., Marie, ON P6A 2E5, Canada;6. U.S. Geological Survey, Great Lakes Science Center, Hammond Bay Biological Station, 11188 Ray Road, Millersburg, MI 49759, USA
Abstract:Non-native rusty crayfish are abundant egg predators on spawning reef habitats for lake trout and coregonines in northern Lake Michigan. To better understand rusty crayfish life-history on these unique habitats, we conducted monitoring in 2012 and 2013 at four locations previously identified as spawning areas for native fish. With the aid of a graphical causal model, we conducted an exploratory statistical analysis using a Bayesian multilevel modeling approach with model selection based on information criteria to identify important environmental variables for predicting rusty crayfish distribution and abundance on spawning reefs. We also compared seasonal trends in relative abundance, inferred from catch-per-unit-effort calculations from trapping, to previously reported accounts from a smaller inland lake. The results from our modeling provide evidence of size-class segregation across subtle changes in habitat characteristics of spawning reefs. Specifically, we found evidence that the distribution of >30 mm rusty crayfish was only weakly related to rock density (#/m2) relative to juveniles and smaller size classes. We also observed highest relative abundances from minnow trap monitoring in mid-October when water temperatures averaged 13.9 °C, which is later in the year and at cooler temperatures than similar monitoring from smaller inland lakes has reported. We hypothesize that unique environmental conditions elicit novel life-history responses from rusty crayfish on Lake Michigan spawning reefs and discuss our findings in the context of native fish restoration in the Laurentian Great Lakes.
Keywords:Rusty crayfish  Aquatic invasive species  Spawning reefs  Life history  Bayesian multilevel modeling
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