钛合金表面激光熔覆制备羟基磷灰石生物陶瓷涂层的研究现状

利用激光熔覆技术在医用钛金属表面制备生物活性陶瓷羟基磷灰石(HAP)涂层,是近年来世界各国生物医用植入材料及相关领域的研究热点之一。首先简要概括了HAP生物陶瓷涂层材料的特点与意义,介绍了医用钛金属材料与生物陶瓷材料的历史发展与特点,指出了已有技术制备的生物陶瓷涂层在制备与应用中存在的优缺点,介绍了激光熔覆制备生物陶瓷涂层的特点与优点。综述了国内外钛及钛合金表面激光熔覆制备HAP生物陶瓷涂层、激光快速成形生物陶瓷涂层及相关材料的研究特点、现状与进展。重点介绍了激光熔覆不同成分原材料、添加稀土成分与不同波长激光制备生物陶瓷涂层的机理,及激光熔覆制备生物陶瓷涂层的特点与优缺点。激光熔覆制备生物陶瓷涂层及相关材料是一个多学科交叉的研究领域,通过对钛合金的激光表面改性,激光熔覆制备生物陶瓷涂层在理论研究与临床应用上具有广阔的前景。最后对激光熔覆工艺制备合成HAP生物陶瓷涂层未来的研究方向进行了讨论与展望。

Laser Cladding Fabrication of Hydroxyapatite Bioceramic Coatings on Ti Alloy

Lase cladding fabrication of hydroxyapatite (HAP) bioceramic coatings on titanium has become one of the research hotspots in the field of biomedical implant materials and relevant fields worldwide in recent years. Firstly, characteristics and meanings of HAP bioceramic coatings were summarized; historical development and characteristics of biomedical titanium metal and bioceramic were introduced; advantages and disadvantages of bioceramic coatings fabricated by adopting existing technologies in preparation and application were pointed out; and features and merits of the bioceramic coatings fabricated by laser cladding were introduced. In addition, research features, current situation and progress were reviewed for HAP bioceramic coating, laser rapid forming bioceramic coating and relevant materials fabricated by laser cladding on Ti alloy at home and abroad. Features as well as merits and demerits were emphatically introduced for laser cladding of different raw materials, fabrication mechanism of bioceramic coatings with rare earth at different wavelength, and laser cladding fabrication of bioceramic coatings. Laser cladding fabrication of bioceramic coatings and relevant materials is a research field involving multi-crossed disciplines. Based upon laser surface modification of titanium alloys, laser cladding fabrication of bioceramic coating has broad prospect in terms of theory research and clinical usage. Future research fields of HAP bioceramic coatings being fabricated and synthesized by laser cladding process were discussed and prospected.