基于弹性力学的枪弹拔弹力的理论计算

拔弹力是枪弹的主要性能指标之一，为了准确掌握枪弹拔弹力的数值，在弹性力学基本假设的基础上进行枪弹拔弹力的理论计算。对枪弹弹头与弹壳的结合处建立3种模型，根据拉梅(Lame)公式分别得到了3种模型的径向和环向应力，并结合3种模型在界面处的边界条件以及广义胡克定律得到结合压力与过盈量的关系，最后，根据压力与摩擦力的关系得到了拔弹力。计算结果表明：采用拔弹力公式计算得到的拔弹力与实验值比较，误差为8.9%，小于工程允许误差15%，证明该公式能够较为准确地计算枪弹拔弹力。

Theoretical Calculation of Extracting Bullet Force Based on Elasticity

The extracting bullet force is one of the main performance of bullet, for acquiring extracting bullet force data, on the basis of elasticity, three models are established at the junction of the warhead and cartridge. According to the Lame’s formula, the radial and circumferential stresses of the three models are obtained. Combined with the boundary conditions of the interface of the three models and the generalized Hooke’s law, the relationship of the pre-stress and the magnitude of interference are established. The extracting bullet force is obtained by the relationship of the pre-stress and the frictional force at last. The experimental value shows that the error of the extracting bullet force calculated by the formula is 8.9%, less than the engineering allowable error 15%, which proves that the formula can accurately calculate the extracting bullet force.