An enhanced one-dimensional SPIHT algorithm and its implementation for TV systems |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-744, Republic of Korea;2. Department of Electronic Engineering, Sun Moon University, Asan 336-708, Republic of Korea;1. Departamento de Tecnologías Industriales, Universidad de Talca. Los Niches km 1, Curicó, Chile;2. LMT Cachan (ENS/CNRS/Université Paris Saclay). 61, Av. du Président Wilson, 94235 Cachan, France;1. Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, Chaoyang University of Technology, Taichung 41349, Taiwan, ROC;2. Department of Information and Communication Engineering, Chaoyang University of Technology, Taichung 41349, Taiwan, ROC;3. Department of Information Management, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong, China;1. Electrical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt;2. Electrical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt;1. Biomedical Sciences Research Center “Alexander Fleming”, 34 Fleming St, 16672 Vari, Greece;2. Department of Pathology and Committee on Immunology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60657, USA;1. School of Mechanical Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China;2. School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China;3. Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 2G8, Canada;4. School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia |
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| Abstract: | In general, to achieve high compression efficiency, a 2D image or a 2D block is used as the compression unit. However, 2D compression requires a large memory size and long latency when input data are received in a raster scan order that is common in existing TV systems. To address this problem, a 1D compression algorithm that uses a 1D block as the compression unit is proposed. 1D set partitioning in hierarchical trees (SPIHT) is an effective compression algorithm that fits the encoded bit length to the target bit length precisely. However, the 1D SPIHT can have low compression efficiency because 1D discrete wavelet transform (DWT) cannot make use of the redundancy in the vertical direction. This paper proposes two schemes for improving compression efficiency in the 1D SPIHT. First, a hybrid coding scheme that uses different coding algorithms for the low and high frequency bands is proposed. For the low-pass band, a differential pulse code modulation–variable length coding (DPCM–VLC) is adopted, whereas a 1D SPIHT is used for the high-pass band. Second, a scheme that determines the target bit length of each block by using spatial correlation with a minimal increase in complexity is proposed. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm improves the average peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR) by 2.97 dB compared with the conventional 1D SPIHT algorithm. With the hardware implementation, the throughputs of both encoder and decoder designs are 6.15 Gbps, and gate counts of encoder and decoder designs are 42.8 K and 57.7 K, respectively. |
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| Keywords: | Color image coding Discrete wavelet transform (DWT) Set partitioning in hierarchical trees (SPIHT) Differential pulse code modulation (DPCM) Golomb–Rice coding Bit allocation |
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