Effective oscillation damping of an interconnected multi-source power system with automatic generation control and TCSC

Stabilizing area frequency and tie-line power oscillations in interconnected power systems are main concerns that have received significant attention in automatic generation control (AGC) studies. This paper deals with modeling and simulation of thyristor controlled series capacitor (TCSC) based damping controller in coordination with AGC to damp the oscillations and thereby, improve the dynamic stability. The contribution of TCSC in tie-line power exchange is formulated analytically for small perturbation and a systematic method based on the Taylor series expansion is proposed for modeling of TCSC based damping controller. The integral gains of AGC and TCSC parameters are optimized simultaneously using an improved particle swarm optimization (IPSO) algorithm through minimizing integral of time multiplied squared error (ITSE) performance index. The performance of the proposed TCSC–AGC coordinated controller is compared with case of AGC alone. A two-area interconnected multi-source power system, including TCSC located in series with the tie-line, is studied considering nonlinearity effects of generation rate constraint (GRC) and governor dead band (GDB). Simulation results show that proposed controller shows greater performance in damping of the oscillations and enhancing the frequency stability. Furthermore, sensitivity analyses are carried out against system loading condition, parametric uncertainties, and different perturbation patterns to show the robustness of TCSC–AGC.