现场地质预测与决策技术

油气的生成、运移、分布、成藏、保存具有规律性，技术人员可以依据其规律性对地下地质情况进行推理、预测和决策。钻井过程的现场地质预测技术方法主要是外推法、因果法和直观法三大类。外推法是常用的预测方法，包含了岩性、沉积旋回、标志层、标准层、重矿物等岩石地层学对比方法和生物地层学方法及地球物理方法。现场地质预测与决策是通过确定预测目标、收集相关资料、进行对比分析、形成地质预测结果、拟定地质决策方案、方案优选、方案实施等环节来完成。该技术是现场地质监督的核心技术，在实践中取得显著成效。

On-site geologic prediction and decision technique

The paper considered that the generation,migration, distribution,reservoir forming,preservation of oil and gas have some regularities,the technician can make inference, prediction and decision to the underground geologic situa- tion according to the above regularities.On-site geologic prediction technique during drilling includes three catego- ries,they are extrapolated method,causal method and intu- ition method.Extrapolated method is the common forecas- ting method,which includes petrostratigraphy correlation method,biostratigraphy method and geophysics method,a- mong them,petrostratigraphy correlation method includes lithology,sedimentary cycle,reference lamina,datum bed, heavy mineral etc.On- site geologic prediction and deci- sion technique is completed through sectors of determining prediction objects,collecting the related data and making comparative analysis to form geologic prediction results, drafting geologic decision plan,selecting the optimum pro- ject and implementing project.On-site geologic prediction and decision technique is the core technique of on-- site ge- ologic supervision and has achieved notable results in prac- tice.