蒸发波导中电磁波异常传播特征研究及其应用

蒸发波导是海洋大气环境中一种典型的异常大气折射结构。它能够部分地陷获电磁波的传播，从而改变电磁波的传播特征。这种特性在雷达、通信、电子对抗等设备的使用方面具有广泛的应用。该文主要利用电磁波传播的抛物型数值方程和裂步傅里叶算法，通过仿真方法研究了蒸发波导环境下电磁波所具有的异常传播特征，并利用2003年8月大连海域的雷达异常探测试验作为应用实例，说明了蒸发波导对电磁波异常传播以及对雷达异常性能的影响。

Study on Anomalous Propagation Characteristics of Electromagnetic Waves in Evaporation Duct Environments and its Application

Evaporation duct is a kind of typical anomalous profile of atmospheric refractivity, it can partly trap electromagnetic waves, as a result, the propagation characteristics are changed, which may be applied in electronic equipments such as radar, communication and ECM, etc. The purpose of this article is to study on anomalous characteristics of electromagnetic waves in evaporation duct environment through simulation methods based on electromagnetic waves propagation parabolic numerical equation and split-step Fourier algorithm technology. The experimental data of radar abnormal detection in Dalian Sea Area in October of 2003 is analyzed as an example of application to validate the abnormal characteristics of the electromagnetic waves and the anomalous detection of radar influenced by evaporation ducts.