面向射频能量捕获传感网的高吞吐量负载均衡的节点接入方案

由于传统无线传感器网络更换传感器电池较为麻烦或不具可行性,其实际应用范围受到很大的限制。考虑具有射频能量捕获能力的无线传感器网络,已知能量源、节点、基站(即汇聚节点)的部署位置,研究如何安排各个节点的接入基站,在满足基站负载平衡约束的情况下最大化整个网络节点的总吞吐量。首先,建立能量捕获传感网的能量捕获模型和信息传输模型,并将该节点接入问题建模为0-1整数规划问题；然后,针对该问题提出一种复杂度较低的算法和一种复杂度略高的贪婪式算法。仿真结果表明,与低复杂度算法相比,贪婪式算法所得到的节点接入方案具有更高的网络总吞吐量,但其复杂度略高,因此可用于节点数目较少的场景,而低复杂度算法可用于节点数目较多的场景。

High-throughput and Load-balanced Node Access Scheme for RF-energy Harvesting Wireless Sensor Networks

For the traditional wireless sensor networks (WSNs),their practical applications are greatly restricted by the inconvenient or even impossible battery replacement.This paper considered the RF-energy harvesting WSNs where the positions of energy sources,nodes and base stations (i.e.,sinks) are given and studied how to arrange the access base stations for each node,aiming to maximize the total throughput of the entire network nodes while satisfying the load balancing constraints of all base stations.Firstly,the energy harvesting model and information transmission model were built.Then,this node access problem was modeled as a 0-1 integer programming problem.Next, a low-complexity algorithm and a greedy algorithm were proposed for solving this problem.Simulation results demonstrate that the node access scheme obtained by the greedy scheme is able to achieve higher total network throughput compared to the low-complexity scheme.Due to its relative high complexity,the greedy scheme can be used in scenarios where the number of nodes is not very large,whereas the low-complexity scheme can be used in scenarios with a large number of nodes.