Developing an inverse time-to-collision crash alert timing approach based on drivers' last-second braking and steering judgments |
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Authors: | Kiefer Raymond J LeBlanc David J Flannagan Carol A |
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Affiliation: | General Motors Structure and Safety Integration Center, Engineering Building 1-11, MC 480111S56, 30200 Mound Road, Warren, MI 48090-9010, USA. raymond.j.kiefer@gm.com |
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Abstract: | Drivers were asked to execute last-second braking and steering maneuvers while approaching a surrogate target lead vehicle. This surrogate target was designed to allow safely placing naive drivers in controlled, realistic rear-end crash scenarios under test track conditions. Maneuver intensity instructions were varied so that drivers' perceptions of normal and non-normal braking envelopes could be properly identified and modeled for forward collision warning timing purposes. The database modeled includes 3536 last-second braking judgment trials. A promising inverse time-to-collision model was developed, which assumes that the driver deceleration response in response to a crash alert is based on an inverse time-to-collision threshold that decreases linearly with driver speed. |
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Keywords: | Crash avoidance Collision warning Rear-end crashes Time to collision Time to contact Braking |
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