Preparation and flame resistance properties of revolutionary self-extinguishing epoxy nanocomposites based on layered double hydroxides |
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Authors: | Mauro Zammarano Massimiliano Franceschi Jeffrey W Gilman |
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Affiliation: | a Building and Fire Research Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-8665, USA b Cimteclab, Area Science Park, Padriciano 99, 34012 Trieste, Italy c Materials and Natural Resources Department, University of Trieste, Valerio 2, 34127 Trieste, Italy |
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Abstract: | Layered double hydroxides/epoxy (LDHs/EP) nanocomposites were prepared from organo-modified LDHs, a diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A monomer (DGEBA) and amine curing agents. The organo-modified LDHs were obtained by ionic exchange of a magnesium-aluminum carbonate LDH in an acid medium. X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy showed a dispersion of the layers at a nanometer scale, indicating the formation of LDH/EP nanocomposites. The thermal degradation and flame resistance properties of LDH/EP nanocomposites, montmorillonite-epoxy (MMT/EP) nanocomposites, LDH/EP microcomposites and aluminum hydroxide-epoxy microcomposites were compared by thermogravimetrical analyses, simultaneous thermal analyses, UL94 and cone calorimeter tests. Only LDH/EP nanocomposites showed self-extinguishing behavior in the horizontal UL94 test; LDH/EP microcomposites and MMT/EP nanocomposites samples burned completely showing that the unique flame resistance of LDH/EP nanocomposites is related to both the level of dispersion and the intrinsic properties of LDH clay. Furthermore, cone calorimeter revealed intumescent behavior for LDH/EP nanocomposites and a higher reduction in the peak heat release rate compared to MMT/EP nanocomposites. |
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Keywords: | Epoxy Nanocomposite LDH |
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