Physico-chemical and biological studies on three-dimensional porous silk/spray-dried mesoporous bioactive glass scaffolds |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Crystal Growth Centre, Anna University, Chennai, India;2. Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Italy;3. Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Italy;4. School of Mechanical and Systems Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK;5. Department of Sericulture, University of Mysore, Mysore, India;1. International Research Center ‘Smart Materials’, Southern Federal University, 344090 Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation;2. Department of Chemistry, University of Turin, 10125 Turin, Italy;1. Department of Materials Engineering, Babol University of Technology, Babol, Iran;2. Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27606, USA;3. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Helmerich Advanced Technology Research Center, Oklahoma State University, Tulsa, OK 74106, USA;4. Department of Developmental Sciences, Marquette University School of Dentistry, Milwaukee, WI 53233, USA;1. Department of Physics, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan;2. Institute of Physics, St. Petersburg State University, Petrodvorets 198504, Russia;3. NSC Instrumental Center at NCKU, Tainan 701, Taiwan;4. A.F. Ioffe Physico-Technical Institute RAS, St. Petersburg 194021, Russia |
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| Abstract: | The incorporation of a bioactive inorganic phase in polymeric scaffolds is a good strategy for the improvement of the bioactivity and the mechanical properties, which represent crucial features in the field of bone tissue engineering. In this study, spray-dried mesoporous bioactive glass particles (SD-MBG), belonging to the binary system of SiO2-CaO (80:20 mol%), were used to prepare composite scaffolds by freeze-drying technique, using a silk fibroin matrix. The physico-chemical and biological properties of the scaffolds were extensively studied. The scaffolds showed a highly interconnected porosity with a mean pore size in the range of 150 µm for both pure silk and silk/SD-MBG scaffolds. The elastic moduli of the silk and silk/SD-MBG scaffolds were 1.1±0.2 MPa and 6.9±1.0 MPa and compressive strength were 0.5±0.05 MPa and 0.9±0.2 MPa, respectively, showing a noticeable increase of the mechanical properties of the composite scaffolds compared to the silk ones. The contact angle value decreased from 105.3° to 71.2° with the incorporation of SD-MBG particles. Moreover, the SD-MBG incorporation countered the lack of bioactivity of the silk scaffolds inducing the precipitation of hydroxyapatite layer on their surface already after 1 day of incubation in simulated body fluid. The composite scaffolds showed good biocompatibility and a good alkaline phosphatase activity toward human mesenchymal stromal cells, showing the ability for their use as three-dimensional constructs for bone tissue engineering. |
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| Keywords: | Silk fibroin Mesoporous bioactive glass Composite scaffolds Bone tissue engineering |
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