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Synthesis and characterization studies of NiO nanorods for enhancing solar cell efficiency using photon upconversion materials
Affiliation:1. UNESCO-UNISA Africa Chair in Nanosciences/Nanotechnology Laboratories, College of Graduate Studies, University of South Africa (UNISA), Muckleneuk Ridge, P O Box 392, Pretoria, South Africa;2. Nanosciences African network (NANOAFNET), Materials Research Department (MSD), iThemba LABS-National Research Foundation (NRF), 1 Old Faure Road, P O Box 722, 7129 Somerset West, Western Cape Province, South Africa;3. Central Research Laboratory, Sree Balaji Medical College & Hospital, Bharath University, Chrompet, Chennai 600044, Tamil Nadu, India;4. National Isotope Centre, GNS Science, Lower Hutt 5010, New Zealand;5. Electrochemical Materials Science Division, CSIR-Central Electrochemical Research Institute (Council of Scientific & Industrial Research New Delhi), Karaikudi 630006, Tamil Nadu, India;6. Department of Textile Engineering & Post Graduate Programme in Mechanical Engineering, Centre of Technology, Federal University of the State of Rio Grande do Norte, Campus Universitario, 59078-970 Natal, RN, Brazil;7. Graduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering, Departamento de Fisica, Universidade Federal do Rio grande do Norte, 59.072 Natal, RN, Brazil;1. School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China;2. College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Heilongjiang Institute of Science and Technology, Harbin 150027, China;3. Shenzhen BTR New Energy Materials Inc., Shenzhen 528206, China;1. Energy Research Institute @Nanyang Technological University (ERI@N), Research Techno Plaza, X-Frontier Block, Level 5, 50 Nanyang Drive, 637553, Singapore;2. School of Materials Science & Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore;3. Department of Chemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan;4. Materials Theory Division, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box-516, Uppsala, Sweden;5. Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune 411008, India;1. Center for Energy Studies, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi 110016, India;2. Department of Physics, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, ZA9300, South Africa;3. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, India;4. School of Physics, University of the Witwatersrand, Private Bag 3, Wits, 2050, South Africa;1. State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, China;2. Nanoelectronics Centre, Advanced Technology Institute, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey GU2 7XH, United Kingdom
Abstract:We report the effect of calcination on the structural and optical properties of nanocrystalline NiO nanoparticles were successfully synthesized by virtue of a single source precursor method at mild reaction conditions between nickel nitrate and sodium hydroxide. Composition, structure and morphology of the products were analyzed and characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD). The ultra-violet visible (UV–vis) absorption peaks of NiO exhibited a large blue shift and the luminescent spectra had a strong and broad emission band centered at 328 nm. The intense band gap was also observed, with some spectral tuning, to give a range of absorption energies from 2.60 to 3.41 eV. The various functional groups present in the NiO nanorods were identified by FTIR analysis. High resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) and the chemical composition of the samples the valence states of elements were determined by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) in detail. The electrochemical response of NiO proved that the nano-nickel has a high level of functionality due to its small size and higher electrochemical activity without any modifications. The above studies demonstrate the potential for the utilization of NiO nanoparticles as a promising material for opto-electronics applications.
Keywords:C  Thermal properties  Optical materials  Nanostructures  Sol–gel growth  Raman spectroscopy and scattering  Photoluminescence spectroscopy
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