In vitro assessment of zinc apatite coatings on titanium surfaces |
| |
| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Polytechnic School, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Curitiba, PR 80215-901. Brazil;2. Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Biomedical Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA;1. Department of Materials Science and Technology, Nagaoka University of Technology, 1603-1 Kamitomioka, Nagaoka, Niigata 940-2188, Japan;2. CIC nanoGUNE, Tolosa Hiribidea 76, E-20018 Donostia-San Sebastian, Basque Country, Spain;3. Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Alameda Urquijo 36-5, Plaza Bizkaia, E-48011 Bilbao, Basque Country, Spain;4. Top Runner Incubation Center for Academica-Industry Fusion, Nagaoka University of Technology, 1603-1 Kamitomioka, Nagaoka, Niigata 940-2188, Japan |
| |
| Abstract: | In this paper, coatings of hydroxyapatite partially substituted with zinc (ZnHA) were produced on titanium substrates by a two-step hydrothermal process using a precursor solution rich in calcium, phosphate and zinc. Activation of titanium surfaces was performed by oxidation with an acidic HF/HNO3 solution. The coated substrates were then converted into HA by immersion in an alkali 0.1 M NaOH solution. The ZnHA samples were characterized by several techniques and their in vitro behavior was studied in comparison to hydroxyapatite (HA) and titanium (Ti-control) samples. A uniform and homogeneous calcium-deficient carbonate apatite coating was obtained for all samples, both doped and undoped with zinc. The percentage of zinc incorporated in the coatings is 7 at%, and the Ca/P ratio is 1.61(±0.01) for both types of samples, suggesting that Zn is incorporated substitutionally, replacing Ca atoms into the HA structure. The incorporation of Zn in the HA structure changed the crystals morphology, reduced crystals sizes and decreased the deposition rate showing that zinc is an inhibitor of the growth of HA crystal. X-ray diffraction showed that HA is the single crystalline phase present after alkali treatment. The coating adhesion strength was evaluated in terms of the critical load (Lc) obtained from scratch tests and no significant difference was found between the two tested groups, indicating the good adhesion of ZnHA to Ti substrates. The in vitro response of human osteoblasts (HOB) exposed to the surfaces of HA and ZnHA coatings was evaluated. The results of Live/Dead tests showed cell viability for all samples surfaces, but the adhesion and proliferation tests showed that ZnHA samples presented better adhered and spread cells compared with HA. ZnHA coatings presented cells with elongated or polygonal shapes and clearly more spread than HA. Quantitative analysis showed that there was a significantly higher number of cells adhered to ZnHA coatings compared to HA, indicating the zinc incorporation stimulates osteoblast proliferation. |
| |
| Keywords: | Zinc Hydroxyapatite Coatings Titanium surfaces Implants Human osteoblasts |
| 本文献已被 ScienceDirect 等数据库收录！ |
|
