The effects of fine fire clay sanitaryware wastes on ceramic wall tiles |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Kaleseramik Çanakkale Kalebodur Seramik San. A.S., Canakkale, Turkey;2. K?r?kkale University, Faculty of Engineering, Metallurgy and Materials Engineering Department, Kirikkale, Turkey;1. Department of Applied Chemistry and the Key Laboratory of Space Applied Physics and Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Science, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi''an, 710072 PR China;2. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi''an, 710072 PR China;1. College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, China;2. Nanjing Haoqi Advanced Materials Co., Ltd, Nanjing 211300, China;1. Ankara Y?ld?r?m Beyaz?t University, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Department of Metallurgical and Material Engineering, Ankara, Turkey;2. Kaleseramik Çanakkale Kalebodur Seramik San. A.?., Canakkale, Turkey;1. Department of Energy and Resources Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, 100871 Beijing, PR China;2. School of Civil and Resource Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, 100083 Beijing, PR China;1. Department of Earth Sciences “Ardito Desio”, University of Milan, Via Botticelli 23, 20133 Milan, Italy;2. National Research Council, IDPA, Section of Milan, Via Botticelli 23, I-20133 Milan, Italy;3. Department of Earth Sciences, University of Turin, Via Valperga-Caluso 35, 10125 Turin, Italy;4. Ideal Standard International, C.O.E., Ceramic Process Technology, Via Cavassico Inferiore 160, I-32026 Trichiana, BL, Italy |
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| Abstract: | In the last decade, environmental preservation has become an important issue. Specifically, recycling of sanitaryware fine fire clay (FFC) waste is important for reducing costs. In this study, the use of FFC waste as an alternative raw material in the production of ceramic wall tiles was investigated. Five ceramic wall tile bodies were prepared by substituting kaolin (max. 15 wt%) with FFC wastes. All formulations were mixed, pressed into pellets and sintered at 1145 °C. The sintering behaviour was evaluated using an optical dilatometer. Water absorption, linear shrinkage and bending strength were also measured. This study revealed that FFC wastes are good alternative raw materials, and the corresponding formulations were shown to be viable in the manufacturing of ceramic tiles. The most remarkable conclusion from this study was that the addition of FFC waste decreased moisture expansion. |
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| Keywords: | Fine fire clay Sintering Moisture expansion Microstructure Ceramic tile |
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