Synthesis of nano-sized indium oxide (In2O3) powder by a polymer solution route |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering, Mokpo National University, Muan 534-729, Republic of Korea;2. Research Institute of Ceramic Industry and Technology, Mokpo National University, Muan 534-729, Republic of Korea;1. Ångström Space Technology Centre, Uppsala University, Ångström Laboratory Box 534 SE-75121, Uppsala, Sweden;2. Division of Microsystems Technology, Dept. of Engineering Science, Uppsala University, Ångström Laboratory Box 534 SE-75121, Uppsala, Sweden;1. Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA;2. Unité Mixte Internationale 174, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)—Programs for HIV Prevention and Treatment (PHPT), Chiang Mai, Thailand;3. Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand;4. Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA;5. University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA;1. Key Laboratory for Photoelectric Functional Materials and Devices of Shaanxi Province, School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Xi’an Technological University, Xi’an 710021, China;2. Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Chemical Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China;1. School of Engineering and Technology, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, MI 48859, USA;2. Department of Materials Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada;3. Science of Advanced Materials, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, MI 48859, USA |
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| Abstract: | Indium oxide (In2O3) is a n-type semiconductor with various applications in thin film coatings, on the basis of its optical properties, and in gas sensing equipment, due to its high sensitivity to various oxides such as COx and NOx. In this study, a synthesis process for obtaining In2O3 nanoparticles is examined. The precursor used is indium nitrate hydrate (InN3O9·H2O) because of its high solubility in water. By dissolving the nitrate salt in a PVA (polyvinyl alcohol) solution, the precursor is dispersed homogeneously, which reduces the agglomeration of the resulting powder. Calcination at a low temperature of 200–250 °C burns out the organic materials of the PVA with NOx gas emission and allows the oxidation of the indium, resulting in indium oxide nanoparticles. The influence of the PVA solution characteristics and the heat treatment temperature on the powder morphology and size was analyzed by using SEM, TEM, XRD, TGA/DSC, and four point BET for a specific surface area analysis. The measured specific surface area varies from 3 m2/g to 76 m2/g depending on the calcination temperature, and the particle size of the synthesized powders is under 10 nm for the samples heat treated at 300 °C. |
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| Keywords: | A. Calcination A. Grain growth B. Porosity |
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