Preparation of mullite ceramic microfilter membranes using Response surface methodology based on central composite design |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Research and Technology Center of Membrane Processes, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology (IUST), Narmak, Tehran, Iran;2. Membrane Research Center, Department of Chemical Engineering, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran;1. Institute of Advanced Materials, Physicochemical Processes, Nanotechnology and Microsystems – Division of Physical Chemistry, NCSR “Demokritos”, Aghia Paraskevi Attikis, 15341 Athens, Greece;2. Materials Science and Engineering Dept., University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece;1. Posgrado en Ciencias e Ingeniería de Materiales, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Azcapotzalco, Av. San Pablo 180, Reynosa Tamaulipas, Azcapotzalco, 02200 México, D.F., Mexico;2. Gerencia de Transformación de Biomasa, Instituto Mexicano del Petróleo, Eje Central Lázaro Cárdenas Norte 152, Col. San Bartolo Atepehuacán, 07730 México, D.F., Mexico;3. Depto. de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Azcapotzalco, Av. San Pablo 180, Col. Reynosa Tamaulipas, Azcapotzalco, 02200 México, D.F., Mexico;4. Gerencia de Ingeniería de Recuperación Adicional, Instituto Mexicano del Petróleo, Eje Central Lázaro Cárdenas Norte 152, Col. San Bartolo Atepehuacán, 07730 México, D.F., Mexico;5. Facultad de Ingeniería Química, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Av. San Claudio y 18 Sur S/N, Col. San Manuel, Puebla, Puebla C.P. 72570, Mexico;6. Instituto Politécnico Nacional, CIITEC, Cerrada Cecati S/N, Colonia Santa Catarina de Azcapotzalco, CP 02250 México, D.F., Mexico |
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| Abstract: | In this paper effect of free silica removal from mullite microfilter membranes using different sodium hydroxide (NaOH) concentrations at different temperatures and for different removal times was studied. The prepared membranes were subjected to XRD, SEM, porosity analysis, and mechanical strength measurement. Response surface methodology (RSM) based on central composite design (CCD) was used to design the experiments and analyze three operating parameters including; NaOH solution concentration, NaOH solution temperature and removal time. The optimum porosity of 49.4 was obtained with NaOH solution concentration of 35 wt% at temperature 75 °C and removal time equal to 8 h.Water flux and mechanical strength as important characteristics were measured for all the membranes. For the membrane with the optimum porosity, water flux, mechanical strength, and free silica removal percentage were 61.7 kg/m2 h, 21.6 MPa, and 28.2%, respectively. The maximum rejection percentage was 97.2% and emulsion flux for this state was 15.6 kg/m2 h at temperature 25 °C and cross flow velocity of 1.5 m/s. |
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| Keywords: | B Porosity D Mullite Ceramic microfilter membrane Free silica removal Response surface methodology |
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