Synthesis of ultra-fine hafnium carbide powders combining the methods of liquid precursor conversion and plasma activated sintering |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Chemistry, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI 48859, USA;2. Centre for Nano and Material Sciences, Jain University, Jain Global Campus, Bangalore 562112, Karnataka, India;3. Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA;4. Department of Chemistry, Saint Vincent College, 300 Fraser Purchase Road, Latrobe, PA 15650, USA;1. Université Bordeaux, LCTS, UMR5801, F-33600 Pessac, France;2. CEA, DAM, Le Ripault, F-37260 Monts, France;1. State Key Laboratory of High-Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructures, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1295 Dingxi Road, Shanghai 200050, China;2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100039, China;1. Center of Functional Nano-Ceramics, National University of Science and Technology “MISiS”, Moscow 119049, Russia;2. Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA |
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| Abstract: | Ultra-fine hafnium carbide (HfC) powders were synthesized using a novel method combining liquid precursor conversion and plasma activated sintering (PAS). Solution-based processing was used to achieve a fine-scale mixing of the reactants, and further treatment by PAS allowed fast formation of HfC. We investigated the effect of the type of acid used during the liquid precursor conversion on the synthesized powders, where mixtures were prepared using salicylic acid, citric acid, or a combination of these. The results show that pure HfC powders (with an average particle sizes of 350 nm) were obtained at a relatively low temperature (1550 °C) using a HfOCl2·8H2O precursor with the mixed acids. The oxygen content of the synthesized powders was only 0.97 wt%. The type of acid had a significant effect on the synthesis product. When using only citric acid, the temperature required to produce pure hafnium carbide increased to 1700 °C. In the case of a salicylic acid precursor, pure HfC was not obtained, even at a synthesis temperature of 1700 °C. |
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| Keywords: | In-situ carburization Plasma activated sintering Carbothermal reduction Hafnium carbides |
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