Preparation and characterization of a nigerian mesoporous clay-based membrane for uranium removal from underground water |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai, 81310 Johor Bahru, Malaysia;2. Nuclear Engineering Program, Faculty of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai, 81310 Johor Bahru, Malaysia;3. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Bayero University, Kano, Nigeria;4. UTM Centre for Low Carbon Transport in Cooperation with Imperial College London, Institute for Vehicle Systems and Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai, 81310 Johor, Malaysia;1. Ceramic Membrane Division, CSIR-Central Glass and Ceramic Research Institute, Kolkata 700032, India;2. Chemical Engineering Department, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India;1. Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, SW7 2AZ, UK;2. School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huaiyin Normal University, Huai’an 223300, PR China;1. Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials and Surface Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China;2. Hainan Harbin Institute of Technology Innovation Research Institute Co., Ltd., Hainan 572427, China;3. Institute of Advanced Marine Materials, Harbin Engineering University, 150001, China;1. Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Karnataka Surathkal 575025, India;2. Department of Environment and Energy, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, South Korea;3. School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China;4. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-Ro, Seoul, 04763, South Korea;1. Institute of Nuclear Physics and Chemistry, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, China;2. State Key Laboratory of Environment-friendly Energy Materials, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621900, China;3. China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, China;4. Department of Engineering and Applied Physics, School of Physical Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China |
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| Abstract: | This study reports the removal of uranium in underground wastewater using a Nigerian clay-based membrane. The clay and sintered clay were characterized using XRD, XRF, TGA/DTA, FESEM and PSD. The raw clay was mixed with cassava starch (10, 15, 20 and 25 wt%) and sintered at a temperature of 1300 °C. A multi-point BET analysis of the produced clay-based membranes was conducted to determine the surface area, pore volume and average pore size. Sintering characteristics were determined by apparent porosity, bulk density and flexural strength. The radioactivity of the feed and the permeated water was counted using a gamma spectrometer with an HPGe detector. From the XRD, TGA and FESEM, 1300 °C was found to be optimum for the mullite formation from the clay. The average pore sizes of the produced membranes from the BET results were observed to be in the range from 51 to 70 Å and with a steady state flux range of the tested membranes in the range 1.92×10?5–2.09×10?4 m3 m?2 s?1. The permeation flux produced is of high quality with a rejection in the range of 1.78–2.56 Bq/l of the uranium activity by the tested membranes. This low-cost membrane will have an application for the treatment of uranium-containing wastewater from fracking, oil exploration and phosphate mining industries. |
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| Keywords: | A Pressing B Porosity D Clay D Mullite E Membrane |
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