Carbonization temperature dependence of pore structure of silicon carbide spheres and their electrochemical capacitive properties as supercapacitors |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Chemical Engineering, Ariel University, Kiryat Hamada 1, Ariel 40700, Israel;2. Department of Materials Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, P.O.B. 653, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel;3. Department of Metallurgy, South Ural State University, Chelyabinsk, Russia;1. School of Physics, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 USM Penang, Malaysia;2. Institute of Nano-Optoelectronics Research and Technology Laboratory (INOR), Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 USM Penang, Malaysia;1. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, PR China;2. Special Service Department, Aviation University of Air Force, Changchun 130000, PR China;1. School of Material Science and Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China;2. Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Preparation and Measurement of Building Materials, Jinan 250022, China;3. Department of Physics, Nuclear and Electrical Engineering, Idaho State University, Idaho Falls, ID 83402, USA;4. Characterization and Advanced PIE Division, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho Falls, ID 83415, USA;1. Institute for Coastal and Marine Environment (IAMC – CNR), Via del Mare, 3, 91021 Torretta Granitola, Campobello di Mazara, TP, Italy;2. Laboratory of Public Health – ASP of Syracuse, Corso Gelone, 17, 96100, Syracuse, Italy;3. Institute for Coastal and Marine Environment (IAMC – CNR), Calata Porta di Massa, Interno Porto di Napoli, 80133 Naples, Italy |
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| Abstract: | Three-dimensional silicon carbide-based frameworks with hierarchical micro- and mesoporous structures (2MSiC) are prepared by employing the template method and carbonization reaction using aerosol-spray drying. The mesopores are generated by the self-assembly of a structure-directing agent, whereas the micropores originate from the partial evaporation of Si atoms during the carbonization process. During the carbonization process, the proportion of micro- and mesopores in 2MSiC can be controlled by the carbonization temperature by controlling the amount of partial evaporation of Si atoms. The 2MSiC electrode prepared using a Brij56 structure-directing agent as the mesopore template and carbonized at 1250 °C exhibits a high charge storage capacity with a specific capacitance of 259.9 F g−1 at a scan rate of 5 mV s−1 with 88.1% rate performance from 5 to 500 mV s−1 in 1 M KCl aqueous electrolyte. This outstanding electrochemical performance can be attributed to the synergistic effect of both the enhanced electric double layer properties caused by micropores and reduced resistant pathways for ion diffusion in the pores as well as a large accessible surface area for ion transport/charge storage caused by mesopores. These encouraging results demonstrate that the 2MSiC electrode prepared with Brij56 and carbonized at 1250 °C is a promising candidate for high-performance electrode materials for supercapacitors. |
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| Keywords: | D. SiC E. Capacitors E. Electrodes Porous structure |
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