High-volume natural volcanic pozzolan and limestone powder as partial replacements for portland cement in self-compacting and sustainable concrete |
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| Affiliation: | 1. State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, and College of Global Change and Earth System Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China;2. Center for Global Sea Level Change, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates;3. Division of Geodetic Science, School of Earth Sciences, The Ohio State University, OH 43210, USA;4. Ministry of Education Laboratory Key Laboratory for Earth System Modeling, and Center for Earth System Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China;5. Department of Environmental Science, Policy and Management, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-3114, USA;1. Department of Computer Science, Jordan University of Science and Technology, 22110, Jordan;2. Staffordshire University, Stafford, UK;3. Department of Computer Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA;4. IBM Corporation, Center for Advanced Studies, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA |
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| Abstract: | A laboratory study demonstrates that high volume, 45% by mass replacement of portland cement (OPC) with 30% finely-ground basaltic ash from Saudi Arabia (NP) and 15% limestone powder (LS) produces concrete with good workability, high 28-day compressive strength (39 MPa), excellent one year strength (57 MPa), and very high resistance to chloride penetration. Conventional OPC is produced by intergrinding 95% portland clinker and 5% gypsum, and its clinker factor (CF) thus equals 0.95. With 30% NP and 15% LS portland clinker replacement, the CF of the blended ternary PC equals 0.52 so that 48% CO2 emissions could be avoided, while enhancing strength development and durability in the resulting self-compacting concrete (SCC). Petrographic and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) investigations of the crushed NP and finely-ground NP in the concretes provide new insights into the heterogeneous fine-scale cementitious hydration products associated with basaltic ash-portland cement reactions. |
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| Keywords: | Basaltic ash pozzolan Limestone filler Self-consolidating concrete Compressive strength Chloride migration Petrographic analysis |
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