A reference conductivity fitting method for ERT system to achieve void fraction of gas/liquid flow

The void fraction is one of the key parameters in the measurement of gas/liquid two-phase flow. It can be derived from the absolute conductivity distribution based on Maxwell?s theory. With Electrical Resistance Tomography (ERT) technology, the absolute conductivity distribution is obtained by multiplying the relative conductivity image with the reference conductivity which is conventionally the liquid conductivity of a gas/liquid flow. Unfortunately the liquid conductivity is not always available. Therefore, a conductivity fitting method is proposed in this paper, to find an optimal reference conductivity, which will be used in substituting the liquid conductivity to reconstruct the quasi-absolute conductivity image. The optimal reference conductivity fitting method is proposed and validated by simulation and experiments under certain flow regimes, e.g. slug flow, annular flow and bubbly flow. The simulation and experimental results show that, independent from prior-knowledge, the fitted quasi-homogenous conductivity is close to the average conductivity of the sensing field. It also leads to a much more accurate estimation of void fraction than the conventional method using liquid conductivity as the reference. With the proposed method, the ERT technique can play a more significant role in the measurement of multiphase flow (MPF).