Detection of the residues of nineteen pesticides in fresh vegetable samples using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Agrochemicals and Environmental Research Division, Institute of Food & Radiation Biology, Atomic Energy Research Establishment, Savar, G.P.O. Box 3787, Dhaka 1349, Bangladesh;2. Department of Environmental Sciences, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh;3. Human Genome Centre, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia;1. Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Sector-125, Noida, 201313, India;2. Amity Institute of Nanotechnology, Amity University, Sector-125, Noida, 201313, India;3. M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Chemical Enzymology, Leninsky Gory 1, 119991 Moscow, Russia;4. A.N. Bach Institute of Biochemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky prospect 33, 119071 Moscow, Russia;5. CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Mall Road, Delhi 110007, India;1. College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, No. 61 Daizong Road, Tai’an, Shandong Province 271018, China;2. College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, No. 61 Daizong Road, Tai’an, Shandong Province 271018, China;1. Henan Province Engineering Research Center for Biomass Value-added Products, School of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China;2. Pyrolysis Technology Research Group, Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries (Akuatrop), Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Terengganu, Kuala Nerus, Malaysia;3. Faculty of Science & Marine Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia;4. Aarhus University, Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET Center, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 99, DK-8200 Aarhus N, Denmark;5. Aarhus University, Department of Bioscience, Frederiksborgvej 399, PO Box 358, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark;1. Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Reva University, Kattigenahalli, Yalhanka, Bangalore, Karnataka, India;2. Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Applied Natural Science, Adama Science and Technology University, P.O. Box:1888, Adama, Ethiopia;3. Department of Chemistry, Karnatak University, Dharwad 580 003, Karnataka, India;4. Department of Sciences, Amrita School of Arts and Sciences, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Mysuru Campus, Mysuru 570 026, Karnataka, India |
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| Abstract: | In this study, we investigated the presence of 19 different agricultural pesticides in 210 samples of eight types of domestic vegetables collected from several vegetable-growing regions in Bangladesh. A multiresidue method was developed to detect the pesticide levels in the collected samples using gas chromatography with mass spectrophotometry (GC–MS). Pesticide residues were detected in 51.30% of the total samples, and among the positive samples, 38.89% contained levels above the maximum residue levels (MRLs). The most frequently detected pesticides were chlorpyrifos (34) followed by carbofuran (17), diazinon (16), carbaryl (14), malathion (11), endosulfan (8), cypermethrin (7) and dimethoate (6). Some (10.47%) of the samples contained multiple residues. It is concluded that the continuous monitoring and strict regulation of pesticide use on food crops, especially vegetables, are necessary. |
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| Keywords: | Pesticides Vegetables GC–MS Organophosphorus Organochlorine Carbamate |
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