先进裂变核能的关键核数据测量和CSNS白光中子源

在设计加速器驱动的次临界系统（ADS）、核废料嬗变装置及钍基熔盐堆时亟需一些关键核数据，当前核数据库受实验条件或中子能区的限制，存在核数据精度不高甚至少部分核素数据缺失的情况。本文综述了国内外相关的核数据研究和相应的白光中子源情况。基于中国散裂中子源(CSNS)的反角通道白光中子源实验终端的中子束流具有非常宽的能谱（0.01 eV~200 MeV）和很好的时间特性。模拟得到距靶80 m处的实验终端的中子注量率为9.3×10⁶cm^-2?s^-1，1 eV ~ 1 MeV能量间隔内的中子数占总中子数的53%；同时，加速器运行在双束团模式或单束团模式，时间分辨率均在0.3%～0.9%之间，适合开展核数据测量。

Key Nuclear Data Measurements for Advanced Fission Energy and White Neutron Source at CSNS

The key nuclear data for advanced fission energy are important in designing advanced nuclear reactors and facilities for nuclear-waste transmutation. Because the present nuclear data library is limited by experimental condition and energy range, the precision of some nuclear data is low, even some nuclear data are blank. In this paper, the status of the nuclear data and white neutron sources were presented. The back streaming neutron beam at China Spallation Neutron Source (CSNS) has very wide energy spectrum (0.01 eV-200 MeV) and excellent time structure. From the simulation results, it’s obtained that the uncollimated neutron fluence rate is around 9.3×10⁶cm^-2?s^-1 within the given energy range at 80 m away from the target, which accounts for about 53% of the total neutrons. The time resolution of 0.3%-0.9%, which is important for the Time-of-Flight method, can be obtained for both the parasite operation mode with two proton bunches and the dedicated operation mode with a single proton bunch. CSNS white neutron source will be a good facility for nuclear data measurement.