| Abstract: | Highly dehydrated gold foil-coated Selemion AMV exhibited large bending under electrical stimulation. It bore a relatively well-controllable bending characteristic by the control of electrical stimulation. Conventional ionic polymer–metal composite bending mechanisms could not explain its bending behavior. We speculated that Joule heat played a central role in the bending induction. Employing the classical lamination theory, the influence of Joule heat on its bending behavior was theoretically investigated. The results calculated roughly agreed with the experimental results. Hence, we concluded that the Joule heat was the primary cause of bending induction. |
