Predictions of turbulent flow and heat transfer in gas–droplets flow downstream of a sudden pipe expansion

Droplets-laden turbulent flow downstream of a sudden pipe expansion has been investigated by using Euler/Euler two-fluid model for the gaseous and dispersed phases. Significant increase of heat transfer in separated flow at the adding of evaporating droplets has been demonstrated (more than 2 times compare with one-phase flow at the value of mass concentration of droplets M_L1  0.05). Addition of dispersed phase to the turbulent gas flow results in insignificant increase of the reattachment length. Low-inertia droplets (d₁  50 μm) are well entrained into the circulation flow and present over the whole pipe section. Large particles (d₁ ≈ 100 μm) go through the shear layer not getting into the detached area. Comparison with experimental data on separated gas–droplets flows behind the plane backward-facing step has been carried out.