Acoustic Emission Sensor Calibration for Absolute Source Measurements |
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Authors: | Gregory C McLaskey Steven D Glaser |
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Affiliation: | 1. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, 621A Sutardja Dai Hall (CITRIS Building), Berkeley, CA, 94720-1758, USA
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Abstract: | This paper describes sensor calibration and signal analysis techniques applicable to the method of acoustic emission (AE)
and ultrasonic testing. They are particularly useful for obtaining absolute measurements of AE wave amplitude and shape, which
can be used to constrain the physics and mechanics of the AE source. We illustrate how to perform calibration tests on a thick
plate and how to implement two different mechanical calibration sources: ball impact and glass capillary fracture. In this
way, the instrument response function can be estimated from theory, without the need for a reference transducer. We demonstrate
the methodology by comparing calibration results for four different piezoelectric acoustic emission sensors: Physical Acoustics
(PAC) PAC R15, PAC NANO30, DigitalWave B1025, and the Glaser-type conical sensor. From the results of these tests, sensor
aperture effects are quantified and the accuracy of calibration source models is verified. Finally, this paper describes how
the effects of the sensor can be modeled using an autoregressive-moving average (ARMA) model, and how this technique can be
used to effectively remove sensor-induced distortion so that a displacement time history can be retrieved from recorded signals. |
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