露天煤矿生物多样性调查技术导则研究（增刊）

露天煤矿采-剥-运-排-覆等开采环节会对矿区范围内的生物多样性造成巨大破坏，而生物多样性调查是进行矿区土地复垦、恢复矿区生物多样性的基础。相关生物多样性调查技术导则研究可为科学有效进行露天煤矿生物多样性调查提供技术支撑，然而国内尚无针对露天煤矿开采-损毁-复垦特点的生物多样性调查技术导则研究。本文在整合现有生物多样性调查方法的基础上，重点对技术导则中应明确的生物多样性调查层次、调查阶段、调查范围、调查频率、调查单元等基本调查原则，以及不同层次露天煤矿生物多样性调查对象和调查方法进行了研究，以期为编制露天煤矿生物多样性调查技术导则、推动露天煤矿生物多样性保护工作，进而建设绿色矿山提供参考和依据。

The study of technical guidelines for biological diversity survey in opencast coal mine

The processes of opencast coal mining, such as digging, peeling, delivering, slagging, and coating will lead to huge damages on the biological diversity in mining areas, while the biological diversity surveys are exactly the foundation of land reclamation and biological diversity recovery. The related technical guidelines can support the effective biological diversity surveys. However, there are still no related domestic technical guidelines researches focusing on the different stages of coal mining (i.e., before exploitation, after exploitation and after reclamation) and the different damaging features of the biological diversity in different mining stages. On the basis of collecting current biological diversity surveying methods, this paper investigates the connotation of diversity surveys in opencast coal mines with a focus on surveying levels, stages, ranges, frequencies, units, different subjects, and technologies in the guide rules, which is in a hope of compiling the technical guide rules for biological diversity surveys in opencast coal mines, improving opencast coal mining diversity protection, and providing thoughts for the establishment of the environmentally friendly mine.